Evolution exam 4

Question 1

Voyage of HMS beagle revealed what

Answer 1

diversity of life, evidence of change with time

Question 2

Principles of Geology argued that

Answer 2

gradual changes produce Earths features

Question 3

Darwin and Wallace proposed what

Answer 3

evolution by natural selection

Question 4

Darwin published what with evidence for natural selection

Answer 4

The Origins of Species

Question 5

Key concepts of natural selection and evolution

Answer 5

-natural selection happens to individual, while populations evolve
-only heritable traits can be amplified or diminished by natural selection
-organisms aren’t perfect but are adapted to local environment
-fitness is relative contribution of genes to next generation

Question 6

Evidence of evolution

Answer 6

-fossils
-homologous structures
-homologous molecular biology
-comparative embryology
-vestigial structures

Question 7

Fossils

Answer 7

trace of organism preserved in rock or sediment

Question 8

Strata(layers) do what

Answer 8

reveal ages, sequence of evolutionary events

Question 9

Old species are replaced by

Answer 9

modified, newer ones

Question 10

similarities between certain structures in different organisms

Answer 10

Homology

Question 11

Homologous structures have same

Answer 11

embryonic origin because of common ancestry, although they may have different functions

Question 12

Organisms in early development show what

Answer 12

similarities not present in adults

Question 13

Vestigial structures are

Answer 13

evolutionary leftovers

Question 14

Vestigial structures are homologous to

Answer 14

functional structures in other organisms

Question 15

Analogous body plans and structure are similar due to

Answer 15

convergent evolution

Question 16

Analogous vs Homolgous

Answer 16

-analogous- different origin, same function(a day old snowflake)
-homologous- same origin, different function(have some old dog food)

Question 17

Artificial selection is

Answer 17

selective breeding(shoes it’s doable)

Question 18

Insecticide resistance in insects is an example of what

Answer 18

natural selection

Question 19

all individuals of a species living in a given area at same time, potentially inbreeding

Answer 19

Population

Question 20

sum of all genes, alleles in a population

Answer 20

Gene pool

Question 21

population gain alleles because of fertile individuals migrate

Answer 21

Gene flow

Question 22

changes populations gene pool over generations

Answer 22

Evolution

Question 23

proportion of each allele for given gene in population

Answer 23

Allele frequency

Question 24

Selection acts on

Answer 24

phenotype not genes

Question 25

25 rats, 4 have BB, 12 have Bb, 9 have bb how many copies of B, b,

Answer 25

20 copies of B, 30 copies of b

Question 26

-shift in allele frequency due to random events -large changes in small populations gene pool

Answer 26

Genetic drift

Question 27

Sexual selection favors phenotypes that

Answer 27

acquire mates