Evolution & Classification

Question 1

What are the 5 Types of evidence that support Evolution?

Answer 1

1. Fossils
2. Homologous Structures (human arms, dog bones)
3. Vestigial Structures (wisdom teeth, tailbone)
4. DNA
5. Embryology

Question 2

Adaptation

Answer 2

the action or process of changing to suit an environment

Question 3

Analogous Structures

Answer 3

Features of different species that are similar in function but not structure

Question 4

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 4

Size of a population is severely reduced, leaving behind a random assortment of survivors

Question 5

Convergent Evolution

Answer 5

species occupy similar functions but are distant relatives (sharks and dolphins)

Question 6

Divergent Evolution

Answer 6

When 2 groups of the same species evolve different traits within those groups in order to accommodate for different environmental and social pressure.

Question 7

Founder Effect

Answer 7

A small group of individuals become separated from a large population

Question 8

Gene Flow

Answer 8

change in allele frequency in a population due to migration

Question 9

Homologous Structures

Answer 9

Similar structures inherited from a common ancestor

Question 10

Vestigial Structures

Answer 10

Structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past ancestor (our tailbone)

Question 11

Who was Charles Darwin?

Answer 11

He studied the characteristics of organisms in the G Islands and discovered natural selection

Question 12

What is Natural Selection

Answer 12

“survival of the fittest”
Best at surviving in your environment

Question 13

What is Speciation

Answer 13

For a single species to divide into two new species, the gene pools of the two populations must become separated

Question 14

Reproductive Isolation

Answer 14

Members of two populations become unable to interbreed and produce fertile offspring due to circumstances

Question 15

Behavioral Isolation

Answer 15

Two populations are capable of interbreeding but have different courtship rituals or strategies

Question 16

Geographical Isolation

Answer 16

Two populations are capable of interbreeding but are separated by geographical barriers (mountains, rivers, etc)

Question 17

Temporal Isolation

Answer 17

Two populations are capable of interbreeding but reproduce at separate time (orchids release pollen at different times in a year)

Question 18

Taxonomy

Answer 18

The science of naming or classifying organisms

Question 19

List the levels of organization

Answer 19

Domain -> Kingdom -> Phylum -> Class -> Order -> Family -> Genus -> Species

Question 20

How do you remember it?

Answer 20

King Philip Came Over for Good Spaghetti

Question 21

What are the three domains?

Answer 21

Archae, Bacteria, Eukarya

Question 22

What two names do we use to specify an organism

Answer 22

Genus and Species

Question 23

What are the 6 Kingdoms?

Answer 23

Plantae, Animalia, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Fungi, Protista

Question 24

Unicellular prokaryotes that live in an animals digestive system

Answer 24

Eubacteria

Question 25

Unicellular eukaryotes that line in pond water

Answer 25

Protista

Question 26

Multicellular eukaryotes that are mobile and consume food

Answer 26

Animalia

Question 27

Unicellular prokaryotes that live in extreme environments such as volcanic ash

Answer 27

Archae

Question 28

Multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are heterotrophic

Answer 28

Fungi

Question 29

Multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and are autotrophic

Answer 29

Plantae