evolution and speciation

Question 1

natural selection

Answer 1

the process that leads to evolution in populations
results in species becoming better adapted to their environment

Question 2

selection pressure

Answer 2

factors that affect the survival of an organism
the driving force of natural
selection

Question 3

differential reproductive success

Answer 3

not all individuals are equally likely to reproduce
results in changes in allele frequencies within a gene pool

Question 4

allele frequency

Answer 4

the proportion of an allele in the population

Question 5

disruptive selection

Answer 5

Individuals with either extreme trait are more likely to survive and pass on their alleles
The middling trait allele becomes less frequent
leads to speciation

Question 6

reproductively isolated

Answer 6

two populations of the same species but they cannot breed together
there is no gene flow

Question 7

speciation

Answer 7

the process that results in the creation of new species

Question 8

allopatric speciation

Answer 8

two populations become reproductively isolated due to being geographically separated
results in the formation of two new species

Question 9

sympatric speciation

Answer 9

Two populations become reproductively isolated whilst in the same location
results in the formation of 2 new species

Question 10

genetic drift

Answer 10

the change in the allele frequency within a population between generations
occurs from one generation to the next
substantial genetic drift results in evolution