Evolution Flashcards
What are special bipeds?
Hoping and moving on 2 or 4 legs
What did hip based and knee based retraction do ?
Helped with leg movement and muscle on the thigh drove the action of the knee
What is a bird?
All descendents of the most recent common ancestor of passer and archaeopteryx
When was the archaeopteryx?
Decent from the bird discovered in 1860
When was dinosaur/ bird evolution discovered?
China and rocks were turned upside down. Found other bird relatives
What was the first feather used for?
For thermal regulation and display
What do alligators have in common with chickens?
Alligator femur goes backward to change centre of mass
What happened to bird hipped dinosaurs?
They went extinct
What did birds evolve from after bird hipped dinosaurs?
Lizard hipped dinosaurs
What was the main difference between birds and dinosaurs?
The tail
What did feathers allow?
Allowed controlled falling
What was the first flight?
Gliding
During ground up what did feather allow?
Feathers allowed more lift when jumping. Can generate downward force as well as uplift which enabled running up steep banks
Where did the beginning of life emerge and why?
The ocean
What do locomotion systems require?
Genes, cells, networks, environment changes
What was the order of the evolution of vertebrates?
Water then land then air
Why do move environment?
Expoilt resources, competition, predator avoidance and environmental
What obstacles must they overcome to live in different environment?
Lungs, legs and eyes
What was the major transition in mammals?
Whales. Limb reduction, nares move back and eyes move forward and tail fins
What are the hippo aquatic adaptations?
Closable nostrils, eyes and ears high on the head and eyes covered by clear membrane
What is baleen?
A soft tissue in the whales mouth for filter feeding
Where was baleen originates from?
Gums due to nerve innervation
What is pinniped evolution?
Seal evolution
What was the first pinniped?
The puijila darwin
What did the puijila have?
Long tail, hind/forelimbs, deltopectoral crest indicated aquatic lifestyle
What was the water opposum?
They were a mammal that has webbed feet, dense water repellent fur and a marsupial pouch
What did crocodiles evolve from?
Icthyosaurs
What did icthyosaur evolve?
Shorter limbs, number of finger bones increased and more digits
