Evolution

Question 1

Definitions of evolution

Answer 1

1-Life has a history
2-The group of theories that attempt to explain to origin of biological patterns
3-All organisms are related by a common ancestor
4-Change in genetic makeup of a population over time
5-descent with modification

Question 2

Definitions of evolution

Answer 2

1-Life has a history
2-The group of theories that attempt to explain to origin of biological patterns
3-All organisms are related by a common ancestor

Question 3

biochemistry as evidence for evolution

Answer 3

All living things use DNA, use ATP to carry energy around the organism, all 20 amino acids that compromise living things are “left handed”

Question 4

Homeotic Genes

Answer 4

a suite of genes in animals that determine the axes of embryos, control how embryos are divided into segments, initiate development of appropriate body parts in each segment.

Question 5

Homeotic genes are evidence of common ancestry

Answer 5

When the gene that initiates eye development in mice is put into mutant fruit flies lacking their own homeotic gene for eye development, the mouse gene initiates the development of perfect fly eyes.

Question 6

Microevolution

Answer 6

Evolution at or below the species level

Question 7

Macroevolution

Answer 7

Evolution above the level of individual species

Question 8

Extrapolation

Answer 8

macroevolutionary patterns are produced by microevolution over long periods of time.

Question 9

emergent macroevolution

Answer 9

Macroevolutionary patterns are created by things only on large scale.

Question 10

Variation between individuals can be

Answer 10

phenotype-morphology behavior etc.

genotype-genetic information encoded in DNA

Question 11

Alternating forms of the same gene

Answer 11

allele

Question 12

Nature of genetic variation

Answer 12

✢One gene involved in coding multiple traits
✢Individual traits under control multiple genes
✢Genes provide the “environment” for other genes - do not act in
isolation
✢Genes (and resulting proteins) “switch on and off”

Question 13

Sources of variation in populations

Answer 13

mutation
recombination (different genetic material recieved from each parent)
gene flow-movement of genes from one population to another

Question 14

Sources of variation in populations

Answer 14

mutation
recombination (different genetic material recieved from each parent)
gene flow-movement of genes from one population to another

Question 15

More offspring are produced than can survive

Answer 15

overproduction

Question 16

differential survival

Answer 16

some individuals (and thus genes) survive while others do not. Can be from natural selection or chance.

Question 17

transformation of one biologicalspecies into another

Answer 17

Anagenesis (a type of speciation)

Question 18

splitting of one biologicalspecies into two

Answer 18

Cladogenesis (a type of speciation)

Question 19

population of species becomes isolated due to a geographic barrier

Answer 19

allopatric (geographic) speciation

If the barrier disappears the populations remain genetically isolated.

Question 20

population of species becomes isolated due to a geographic barrier

Answer 20

allopatric (geographic) speciation

If the barrier disappears the populations remain genetically isolated.

Question 21

species slowly changing over time

Answer 21

phyletic gradualism

Question 22

speciation is rapid, morphologic change concetrated to a short period of speciation, followed by long periods of stability

Answer 22

punctuated equilibrium

Question 23

macroevolutionary phenomena

Answer 23

origin of clades
changes of diversity within clades
extinction of clades
changes of morphology within clades
Interactions among clades (competition)

Question 24

Groups which speciate more will…

Answer 24

become more diverse, have more morphological change