Evolution 2

Question 1

Genetic drift

Answer 1

the process of change in the genetic composition of a population due to chance or random events rather than natural selection resulting in allele changed over time

Question 2

Gene flow

Answer 2

Genes entering/ leaving populations

Question 3

Two examples of genetic drift

Answer 3

Founder effect and bottle neck

Question 4

Founder effect

Answer 4

When members of a family produce offspring with other members of the family causing abnormalities due to limited genetic diversity

Question 5

Bottleneck

Answer 5

When a large population is decrease and there is only few animals to reproduce with causing abnormalities from limited genetic diversity caused by HUMAN INTERACTIONS

Question 6

Sympatric speciation

Answer 6

Same area but speciation occurred because of choices of mutations

Question 7

Allopatric speciation

Answer 7

Speciation due to geographical barriers
Lead to new species

Question 8

Prezygotic mechanisms

Answer 8

Isolation

Question 9

Postzygotic mechanisms

Answer 9

Hybrid

Question 10

Gradualism

Answer 10

Slow changed occur in species over time
Slow and steady

Question 11

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 11

Rapid periods of change followed by periods of no change

Question 12

How is sexual selection (non random matting) important to evolution

Answer 12

Typically leads to sexual dimorphism (2different phenotypes in male v female)
May lead to competition among males

Question 13

What conditions must exist for HWT equilibrium to exist

Answer 13

1.large population size
2.no natural selection (equal chance of survival)
3.random mating
4.no mutations
5.no immigration or emigration

Question 14

Adaptive revolution

Answer 14

Rapid evolution of a single species into many new species

Question 15

Convergent evolution

Answer 15

No common ancestor
Species look alike because of similar environments

Question 16

Divergent evolution

Answer 16

Have a recent common ancestor
Species have developed differently over time

Question 17

How do DNA and amino acids show evolutionary relationship between organisms

Answer 17

DNA determines amino acid sequence, so if a gene is shared then the two organisms will have similar amino acid sequences

Question 18

P

Answer 18

Dominant

Question 19

Q

Answer 19

Recessive

Question 20

Allele equation

Answer 20

P+q=1

Question 21

Homozygous recessive

Answer 21

q^2

Question 22

Homozygous dominant

Answer 22

P^2

Question 23

Heterozygous dominant

Answer 23

2(p)(q)