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IB Biology > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 types of accumulation evidence

A

Remains and traces
Skeletons
Footprints

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2
Q

Mutation vs meiosis

A

mutation new alleles, meiosis combo of 2

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3
Q

mutation vs sexual reproduction

A

mutation new alleles, sr mutations brought together

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4
Q

Meiosis vs sexual reproduction

A

m new allele combo vs sr mutations brought together

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5
Q

adaptation definition

A

characteristics that make an individual suited to its environment and way of lif

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6
Q

adaptation connection to nat. selection

A

Increases the frequency of characteristics to make offspring better adapted

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7
Q

antibiotic resistance in bacteria

A

some bacteria are resistant. antibiotic kills pathogenic bacteria and probiotics. bacteria can transfer resistant gene to others

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8
Q

corn phylum

A

angiospermatophyta

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9
Q

corn class

A

liliopsida

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10
Q

corn order

A

cyperales

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11
Q

corn family

A

poaceae

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12
Q

corn

A

plantae /angiospermatophyta/ liliopsida/ cyperales/ Poaceae/ zea/ mays

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13
Q

human family

A

hominidae

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14
Q

human

A

animalia/ chordata/ mamalia/ primate/ hominidae/ homo/ sapien

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15
Q

comparisons of domains of life (4)

A

histones, intron, cell walls, cell membrane

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16
Q

compare histones

A

archaea: proteins bound to DNA
bacteria: no
eukaryota: yes

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17
Q

compare intron

A

archaea: present in some
bacteria: rare\
eukaryota: frequent

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18
Q

compare cell walls

A

archaea: not made of peptidoglycan
bacteria: peptidoglycan
eukaryota: not always present

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19
Q

compare cell membranes

A

archaea: glycol-ether lipids, l-form
bacteria: glycerol-ether lipids, d-form
eukaryota: glycol-ether lipids, d-form

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20
Q

disadvantage of natural classification

A

change w new info

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21
Q

advantage of natural classification

A

prediction of characterstics

22
Q

bryophyta

A

no leaves/roots/stems. no vascularization, flagellated sperm, waxy cuticle

23
Q

Bryophyta example

A

moss

24
Q

filicinophyta

A

yes leaves, roots, stems, yes vascularized, spore reproduction, xylem/phloem

25
Q

filicinophyta example

A

ferns

26
Q

coniferophyta

A

yes leaves, roots, stems, yes vascularized, wind pollination, needles

27
Q

coniferophyta example

A

conifers

28
Q

Angiospermatophyta

A

yes leaves, roots, stems, yes vascularized, seed pollination

29
Q

Angiospermatophyta example

A

flowers

30
Q

Porifera

A

asymmetrical, no body cavity, no segmentation, hemaphrodite

31
Q

Porifera example

A

sponges

32
Q

cnidaria

A

radial symmetry, 2-way digestive, no segmentation, stinging cells

33
Q

cnidaria example

A

jellyfish/coral/anemone

34
Q

Platylhelmintha

A

bilateral symmetry, 2-way digestive, no segmentation, no heart/lungs

35
Q

Platylhelmintha example

A

flatworm

36
Q

annelida

A

bilateral symmetry, 1-way digestive, segmented, nervous/digestive/circ systems

37
Q

annelida example

A

earthworks marine worms leeches

38
Q

mollusca

A

bilateral symmetry, mouth’anus, non visible segmentation, acqutic

39
Q

mollusca examples

A

Snails, clams, octopus and squids

40
Q

arthropoda

A

bilateral symmetry, mouth,anus, segmented, chitin exoskeleton

41
Q

arthropoda example

A

Insects, arachnids, and crustaceans

42
Q

chordata

A

bilateral symmetry, mouth and anus, segmented, dorsal nerve tube

43
Q

chordata examples

A

Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish

44
Q

bird respiration

A

para-bronchial tubes, air sacs

45
Q

mammal extra featyreq

A

teeth diff types living cores

46
Q

amphibians respiration

A

Simple lungs with small folds and moist skin for gas exchange

47
Q

clade definition

A

Each clade consists of an ancestral organism and all of its evolutionary descendants

48
Q

how an aa sequence determines species in a clade

A

shared molecular heritage

49
Q

parsimony

A

indicates most probable sequence of divergence

50
Q

limitations of morphology as classification

A

closely relates can look different, distant can look similar

51
Q

adaptive radiation

A

when a species rapidly diversifies

52
Q

adaptive radiation example

A

Darwins finches

IB Biology (6 decks)

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