2.3 Carbohydrates and Lipids and 2.3 Proteins

Question 1

unsaturated (health, # C bonds, H)

Answer 1

healthy, multiple bond carbons, missing hydrogen

Question 2

saturated (health, # C bonds, H)

Answer 2

unhealthy, single bond carbons, fully saturated with hydrogen

Question 3

3 triglyceride properties

Answer 3

• glycerol + 3 FA
• hydrophobic
• energy storage

Question 4

cellulose structure

Answer 4

polymers are aligned in parallel rows

Question 5

starch structure

Answer 5

helical structure because of hydroxyl groups

Question 6

what is starch made of (80, 20)

Answer 6

amylopectin- 80%

amylose- 20%

Question 7

cellulose function

Answer 7

plant cell walls

Question 8

starch function

Answer 8

products of photosynthesis are stored in plants as starch

Question 9

glycogen structure

Answer 9

linked glucose molecules

Question 10

glycogen function

Answer 10

excess glucose is stored in this form

Question 11

where is glycogen stored

Answer 11

liver and muscle tissue

Question 12

why are lipids more suitable for long-term energy storage

Answer 12

energy stored in lipids is primarily in the fatty acid side chains

Question 13

define steroids

Answer 13

group of lipids that consist of four linked carbon rings

Question 14

define waxes

Answer 14

long chains of FA that are attached to an alcohol or carbon

Question 15

six protein functions

Answer 15

hormones 
energy
antibodies
transport
enzymes
structural

Question 16

define polypeptide

Answer 16

Many amino acids that are linked together

Question 17

primary protein structure

Answer 17

sequence of amino acids within the protein that determines its 3D shape

Question 18

secondary protein structure

Answer 18

folding of the chain due to H-bonding between peptide bonds

Question 19

tertiary protein structure

Answer 19

folding of the helix/sheet influenced by the nature of R-groups

Question 20

quaternary protein structure

Answer 20

2+ polypeptides combined to form a single functional protein

Question 21

function of insulin

Answer 21

protein hormone produced by the pancreas that results in a decrease of blood sugar levels

Question 22

immunoglobulin

Answer 22

antibody that recognizes an antigen as part of the immune response

Question 23

spider silk

Answer 23

protein spun by spiders

Question 24

define ionic bonds

Answer 24

between any charged group that is not joined by a polypeptide

Question 25

define disulfide bridges

Answer 25

between S in amino acids

Question 26

define van der Waals

Answer 26

intermolecular force

Question 27

define proteome

Answer 27

flow chart that monitors your conditions and build proteins accordingly