2.3 Carbohydrates and Lipids and 2.3 Proteins Flashcards
unsaturated (health, # C bonds, H)
healthy, multiple bond carbons, missing hydrogen
saturated (health, # C bonds, H)
unhealthy, single bond carbons, fully saturated with hydrogen
3 triglyceride properties
- glycerol + 3 FA
- hydrophobic
- energy storage
cellulose structure
polymers are aligned in parallel rows
starch structure
helical structure because of hydroxyl groups
what is starch made of (80, 20)
amylopectin- 80%
amylose- 20%
cellulose function
plant cell walls
starch function
products of photosynthesis are stored in plants as starch
glycogen structure
linked glucose molecules
glycogen function
excess glucose is stored in this form
where is glycogen stored
liver and muscle tissue
why are lipids more suitable for long-term energy storage
energy stored in lipids is primarily in the fatty acid side chains
define steroids
group of lipids that consist of four linked carbon rings
define waxes
long chains of FA that are attached to an alcohol or carbon
six protein functions
hormones energy antibodies transport enzymes structural
define polypeptide
Many amino acids that are linked together
primary protein structure
sequence of amino acids within the protein that determines its 3D shape
secondary protein structure
folding of the chain due to H-bonding between peptide bonds
tertiary protein structure
folding of the helix/sheet influenced by the nature of R-groups
quaternary protein structure
2+ polypeptides combined to form a single functional protein
function of insulin
protein hormone produced by the pancreas that results in a decrease of blood sugar levels
immunoglobulin
antibody that recognizes an antigen as part of the immune response
spider silk
protein spun by spiders
define ionic bonds
between any charged group that is not joined by a polypeptide
