Evidence Based Medicine

Question 1

Step One

Answer 1

Transforming an idea into a focused question

Question 2

Step Two

Answer 2

Finding the best evidence with which to answer that question

Question 3

Step Three

Answer 3

Critically appraising that evidence for validity, impact and applicability

Question 4

Step Four

Answer 4

Integrating that appraisal with our clinical expertise and our pt’s unique circumstances and values

Question 5

Step Five

Answer 5

Evaluating our effectiveness in this process

Question 6

Progression of translational sciences

Answer 6

Animal based or physiology studies 
Case reports or case series
Critical literature reviews
Observational studies
Randomized control trials
Population based studies

Question 7

Systemic review

Answer 7

Sum up the best available research on a specific questions

Synthesizing the results of randomized control trails (strong) and observational trials (weak)

Question 8

What MUST systemic review have?

Answer 8

Clear inclusion/exclusion criteria
Explicit search strategy
Systemic analysis of studies
Meta-analysis where possible

Question 9

Observational Studies

Answer 9

Effective in studying rare diseases
Quick and inexpensive
Generate hypotheses
Some may be conclusive
Suffer from biases bc of non-comparability of exposure groups

Question 10

Randomized studies

Answer 10

Eliminate bias by controlling factors
Causes and effect
Remove bias in allocation to treatment
Costly and time-consuming
Restricted on the scope of questions addressed

Question 11

Define Case Reports

Answer 11

Detailed report about a pt’s: diagnosis, treatment, course of illness and followup

Question 12

Define Case Series

Answer 12

Detailed report about a group of pt’s: diagnosis, treatment, course of illness, followup
Preferred

Question 13

Answer

Answer 13

Restate the question
Summarize results
Conclude