Event Processing in Action

Question 0

synergy (n)

Answer 0

• the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people or companies working together, instead of on their own
• sự hợp lực

1. Managing effective teams is a matter of achieving synergy between the individual members.
2. attempts to re-establish synergy between mankind and nature

Question 1

grandiose (adj)

Answer 1

• seeming very impressive but too large, complicated, expensive, etc. to be practical or possible
• hùng vĩ, long trọng, phô trương

1. The grandiose scheme for a journey across the desert came to nothing.
2. He could no longer live the grandiose lifestyle to which he had become accustomed.

Question 2

whet (v)

Answer 2

• to increase your desire for or interest in something
• mài cho sắc nhọn, kích thích

1. The book will whet your appetite (sự ham muốn) for more of her work.

Question 3

appetite (n)

Answer 3

• physical desire for food
• a strong desire for something
• sự thèm ăn, lòng ham muốn

1. He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite.
2. Don’t spoil your appetite by eating between meals.
3. The preview was intended to whet your appetite.
4. The public have an insatiable appetite for scandal.

Question 4

interim (n)

Answer 4

• in the interim: during the period of time between two events; until a particular event happens
• thời gian quá độ, sự giàn xếp tạm thời

1. Despite everything that had happened in the interim, they had remained good friends.
2. Her new job does not start until May and she will continue in the old job in the interim.

Question 5

rationale (n) (behind/for/of something)

Answer 5

• the principles or reasons which explain a particular decision, course of action, belief, etc.
• lý do căn bản, nhân tố hợp lý

1. What is the rationale behind these new exams?

Question 6

contingent (adj) (on/upon something)

Answer 6

• depending on something that may or may not happen
• contingent worker/work/job: a person, or work done by a person, who does not have a permanent contract with a company
• tùy theo, tùy thuộc vào, nhân viên thời vụ

1. All payments are contingent upon satisfactory completion dates.
2. the spread of contingent work throughout the economy

Question 7

guild (n)

Answer 7

• an organization of people who do the same job or who have the same interests or aims
• an association of skilled workers in the Middle Ages
• hiệp hội, hội chuyên ngành

1. the guild of clockmakers
2. It’s hard to imagine, but maybe in this respect, the guild is actually doing right by the public at large.

Question 8

unwieldy (adj)

Answer 8

• difficult to move or control because of its size, shape or weight
• difficult to control or organize because it is very large or complicated
• khó cầm nắm, khó sử dụng

1. Then came the idea of the ‘post-bureaucratic age’ — in itself the kind of unwieldy phrase you might expect a bureaucrat to use.
2. The piece arrived in early December as an “unwieldy” first draft, Mr. Marzorati said: roughly 13,000 words.

Question 9

confront (v)

Answer 9

• to appear and need to be dealt with by somebody
• confront sth: to deal with a problem or difficult situation
• confront sb: to face somebody so that they cannot avoid seeing and hearing you, especially in an unfriendly or dangerous situation
• confront sb with sb/sth: to make somebody face or deal with an unpleasant or difficult person or situation
• to be confronted with: to have something in front of you that you have to deal with or react to
• giáp mặt, đối chất, đương đầu

1. The government found itself confronted by massive opposition.
2. She knew that she had to confront her fears.
3. This was the first time he had confronted an armed robber.
4. He confronted her with a choice between her career or their relationship.
5. Most people when confronted with a horse will pat it.

Question 10

holistic (adj)

Answer 10

• considering a whole thing or being to be more than a collection of parts
• treating the whole person rather than just the symptoms (= effects) of a disease
• tổng thể, thuộc chính thể luận

1. a holistic approach to life
2. The term holistic refers to the mind, body, and spirit as being one and whole.
3. They wanted what they called a holistic evaluation of each candidate.

Question 11

incumbent (n)

Answer 11

• a person who has an official position
• người giữ một chức vụ

1. You do that through what we call incumbent worker training.
2. the present incumbent of the White House

Question 12

aberrant (adj)

Answer 12

• not usual or not socially acceptable
• lầm lạc, khác thường

1. They rely on families to actually report what they call aberrant behavior.
2. It also says some civilian supervisors are also at fault for ignoring clear signs of what it called his aberrant behavior.

Question 13

gleefully (adv)

Answer 13

• happy because of something good you have done or something bad that has happened to somebody else
• hả dạ, vui sướng

1. She caught herself using the word gleefully and felt ashamed.
2. “Hey, France,” America called gleefully from somewhere to his left.

Question 14

grim (adj)

Answer 14

• looking or sounding very serious
• unpleasant and depressing
• nhẫn tâm, đáng thất vọng, chất lượng thấp

1. with a look of grim determination on his face
2. We face the grim prospect of still higher unemployment.
3. Things are looking grim for workers in the building industry.

Question 15

retribution (n)

Answer 15

• severe punishment for something seriously wrong that somebody has done
• sự trừng phạt, sự báo thù

1. People are seeking retribution for the latest terrorist outrages.
2. fear of divine retribution (= punishment from God)

Question 16

maunder (v) (on) (about something)

Answer 16

• to talk or complain about something in a boring and/or annoying way
• nói năng lung tung, hành động uể oải

1. And while you maunder about restoring competition, the trusts go on destroying you.
2. His columns frequently wander and maunder, heading this way and that, but never actually arriving anywhere.

Question 17

spot-on (adj)

Answer 17

• exactly right
• rất đúng, chính xác

1. His assessment of the situation was spot on.

Question 18

beguile (v) (someone away)

Answer 18

• to trick somebody into doing something, especially by being nice to them
• to attract or interest somebody
• làm tiêu khiển, lừa ai làm việc gì đó

1. She beguiled them into believing her version of events.
2. He was beguiled by her beauty.

Question 19

repertoire (n)

Answer 19

• all the plays, songs, pieces of music, etc. that a performer knows and can perform
• all the things that a person is able to do
• vốn tiết mục biểu diễn, toàn bộ khả năng

1. to add to/extend your repertoire
2. a pianist with a wide repertoire
3. a young child’s growing verbal repertoire

Question 20

afresh (adv)

Answer 20

• again, especially from the beginning or with new ideas
• lại lần nữa, bắt đầu lại từ đầu

1. It was a chance to start afresh.
2. This volume has been translated afresh from the Latin; it is not a revision of any earlier edition.

Question 21

valorize (v)

Answer 21

• to establish and maintain the price of (a commodity) by governmental action.
• bình ổn giá

1. Some valorize community over the form of the work produced.
2. This should become some sort of meme where everyone commenting here has to use the word “valorize.”

Question 22

scoff (v) (at somebody/something)

Answer 22

• to talk about somebody/something in a way that makes it clear that you think they are stupid or ridiculous
• chế giễu, đùa cợt

1. He scoffed at our amateurish attempts.
2. Don’t scoff—she’s absolutely right.

Question 23

evict (v) (somebody from something)

Answer 23

• to force somebody to leave a house or land, especially when you have the legal right to do so
• đuổi ai ra khỏi nhà, thu hồi đất bằng pháp lý

1. A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent.
2. The council has tried to get them evicted.

Question 24

carousel (n)

Answer 24

• a moving belt from which you collect your bags at an airport
• trò kéo quân, băng chuyền hành lý

1. Ferguson once coined the term “carousel” to describe Barca’s dizzying passing game.
2. Whatever icon is highlighted in the carousel is the program that appears on the rest of the screen.

Question 25

immaterial (adj) (to somebody / something)

Answer 25

• not important in a particular situation
• not having a physical form
• vô hình, phi vật chất, vụn vặt

1. The cost is immaterial.
2. It is immaterial to me whether he stays or goes.
3. the immaterial mind/soul

Question 26

modal (adj)

Answer 26

• of, or relating to a mode or modus
• of, relating to, or describing the mood of a clause
• thuộc cách thức, điệu, tâm trạng

1. He favored a style of musical collaboration he called modal improvisation.
2. Many of those are working in modal epistemology, one of Kant’s main projects.

Question 27

systolic (adj)

Answer 27

• pertaining to a systole or heart contraction
• tâm thu

1. The blood pressure during the contraction of the heart is called systolic pressure.
2. The upper number’s called systolic, lower number diastolic.

Question 28

diastolic (adj)

Answer 28

• the stage of the heart’s rhythm when its muscles relax and the heart fills with blood
• pertaining to a diastole
• tâm trương

1. The upper or first number in a blood pressure reading is the systolic* pressure and the lower or second number is called the *diastolic pressure.

Question 29

respiratory (adj)

Answer 29

• connected with breathing
• thuộc hô hấp

1. A physician who specializes in respiratory (lung) conditions, including asthma.
2. Their tiny chest cages cause constriction, resulting in respiratory distress.

Question 30

florist (n)

Answer 30

• a person who owns or works in a shop/store that sells flowers and plants
• người bán hay nghiên cứu hoa

1. I’ve ordered some flowers from the florist’s.
2. That program provides training to become a wedding service provider—that is, a florist or photography assistant.

Question 31

camouflage (v)

Answer 31

• a way of hiding soldiers and military equipment, using paint, leaves or nets, so that they look like part of their surroundings
• the way in which an animal’s colour or shape matches its surroundings and makes it difficult to see
• behaviour that is deliberately meant to hide the truth
• ngụy trang

1. The whiteness of polar bears and arctic foxes provides camouflage.
2. Her angry words were camouflage for the way she felt.
3. troops dressed in camouflage

Question 32

deity (n)

Answer 32

• a god or goddess
• vị thần

1. Greek/Roman/Hindu deities
2. Without doubt the term deity was deliberately chosen, for it does not exclude a heathen interpretation.
3. The council of Nice and the decision to make Christ a deity is historical fact.

Question 32

spruce (v) (up)

Answer 32

• to make somebody/something/yourself clean and neat
• chải chuốt

1. She spruced up for the interview.
2. The city is sprucing up its museums and galleries.
3. I spruced myself up before I went out.

Question 33

sleuthing (n)

Answer 33

• the act of investigating a crime or mysterious event
• trinh thám

1. Of course, that leads to some interesting adventures in sleuthing.
2. The language here is unfortunate, even if the idea sleuthing is still first rate.

Question 34

heterogeneous (adj)

Answer 34

• consisting of many different kinds of people or things
• hỗn tạp, không thống nhất

1. the heterogeneous population of the United States
2. You can see the different between two substances its called heterogeneous mixture.

Question 35

incur (v)

Answer 35

• if you incur something unpleasant, you are in a situation in which you have to deal with it
• if you incur costs, you have to pay them
• chịu, gánh, mắc, bị

1. She had incurred the wrath (sự phẫn nộ) of her father by marrying without his consent
2. You risk incurring bank charges if you exceed your overdraft limit.

Question 36

(take a) toll (n) (on something)

Answer 36

• to have a bad effect on somebody/something; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, suffering, etc
• tiêu diệt một phần lớn, gây tổn hại

1. Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.
2. The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets.

Question 37

consignment (n)

Answer 37

• a quantity of goods that are sent or delivered somewhere
• the act of sending or delivering somebody/something
• sự gửi hàng để bán

1. a consignment note (= a document listing goods that have been sent)
2. All this documents will enable you to clear the consignment from the career on deliver.

Question 38

stratification (n)

Answer 38

• the division of something into different layers or groups
• sự xếp thành tầng địa chất

1. social stratification
2. This process of stratification is based, as it has been in the past, on valuing the rights and privileges of some while denying or stripping away the rights of others.

Question 39

provenance (n)

Answer 39

• the place that something originally came from
• nguồn gốc, lai lịch, nơi phát hành

1. All the furniture is of English provenance.
2. There’s no proof about the provenance of the painting (= whether it is genuine or not).

Question 40

descent (n)

Answer 40

• an action of coming or going down
• a slope going downwards
• sự xuống dốc

1. The plane began its descent to Heathrow.
2. the country’s swift descent into anarchy
3. There is a gradual descent to the sea.

Question 41

instantaneous (adj)

Answer 41

• happening immediately
• xảy ra ngay tức thời

1. an instantaneous response
2. I tremble even now as I recall the instantaneous effect of those words.

Question 42

evidential (adj)

Answer 42

• providing or connected with evidence
• dựa trên bằng chứng, cung cấp bằng chứng

1. The necessary evidential basis for her claim is lacking.
2. The threat from the more serious level of cheating for corrupt betting purposes is difficult to assess in evidential terms.

Question 43

lineage (n)

Answer 43

• the series of families that somebody comes from originally
• nòi giống, dòng dõi

1. a French nobleman of ancient lineage
2. Our lineage is about operating in the personal realm, while the men take care of the political, civic, global.

Question 44

monolithic (adj)

Answer 44

• a large single vertical block of stone, especially one that was shaped into a column by people living in ancient times, and that may have had some religious meaning
• nguyên khối

1. a monolithic block
2. the monolithic structure of the state

Question 45

diversified (adj)

Answer 45

• to develop a wider range of products, interests, skills, etc. in order to be more successful or reduce risk
• to change or to make something change so that there is greater variety
• đa dạng hóa, nhiều ngành

1. The culture has been diversified with the arrival of immigrants.

Question 46

avenue (n)

Answer 46

• a street in a town or city
• a choice or way of making progress towards something
• đại lộ, đường phố lớn

1. a hotel on Fifth Avenue
2. Several avenues are open to us.
3. We will explore every avenue until we find an answer.
4. He saw suicide as the only avenue left open to him.

Question 47

traffic congestion (n)

Answer 47

• the state of being crowded and full of traffic
• the state of part of the body being blocked with blood or mucus
• sự đông nghẹt, tắc nghẽn

1. traffic congestion and pollution
2. congestion of the lungs

Question 48

reside (v) (on something)

Answer 48

• to live in a particular place
• thường trú, thuộc về

1. He returned to Britain in 1939, having resided abroad for many years.
2. The poem’s main interest resides in the use of dialect.
3. The ultimate authority resides with the board of directors.