Evaluation of the Spine (unfinished) Flashcards
Clearing the spine
-to rule out spine in complaints
-all 6 plans (rotation, side bend, extension, flexion)
-Cervial AND thoracic/lumbar
-AROM
-RROM
-Overpressure
-Distraction/Compression
Observations/questions
-posture
-sitting without cueing
-knees
-arms
-job
-setting
-chairs
Most Common Areas of Spine for Disc Pathology
-C6-C7
-L4-L5
-L5-S1
Common Spinal Hinge Points
-transititon areas that that a lot of pressure
Cervical Foraminal Stenosis
-unilateral
-Opening/closing
-pain can migrate down limb
Tests
-paraesthesia/decreased sensation
-reflex
-AROM
-MMT
Outcome Measures
-NDI
-Grip test
-Flexor endurance
Cervical Central Stenosis
-bilateral
-motor and sensory
-falls
Tests
-UMNL tests
-AROM
-MMT
-Balance
Outcome Measures
-NDI
-Grip test
-Flexor endurance
Cervicogenic Headache
-starts a neck, migrates to head
-upper cervical dysfunction
Sinus: around nose and eyes
Cluster: behind eyes
Neck: top and back of head
Tension: forehead
Migrane: 1 side
TMJ: temples
Tests:
-AROM
-MMT
-Sensation
-Reflexes
Questions:
-screen time
-MOI
-areas of head/face
Cervical Disc Pathology
-flexion or whiplash
-central protrusion herniation
-bilateral
-motor Sx first
Tests
-Myotome
-AROM
-MMT
-Reflexes
-Sensation
Outcome Measures
-NDI
-Grip test
-Flexor endurance
Whiplash
-muscle tightness, brain stem-like Sx
Tests
-JPSE laser
-ROM
-Reflexes
-Myotomes/Dermatomes
Outcome Measures
-NDI
-Kinesiophobia
-Grip test
-Flexor endurance
Cervical Flexion Inclinometer ROM
-Cranium to T1
Cervical Flexion Goni ROM
-0-45
Stationary: Perp. floor
Axis: Ear hole
Movement: Base of nose
-take resting, subtract from final number
Cervical Extension Tape Measure ROM
-Chin to sternal notch
Cervical Extension Inclinometer ROM
-superior cranium and T1
Cervical Extension Goni ROM
0-45
Stationary: Perpendicular to floor
Axis: ear hole
Movement: Base of nose
Cervical Lateral Flexion ROM Tape Measure
-Mastoid to lateral acromion
Cervical Lateral Flexion ROM Inclinometer
-Superior cranium to T1 (frontal plane)
Cervical Lateral Flexion ROM Goni
-0-45 (180 hold)
Stationary: Perp to floor
Axis: C7
Movement: bisect cranium
Cervical Rotation ROM Tape Measure
-Nip of nose to lateral acromion
Cervical Rotation ROM Inclinometer
-PROM
-Supine
-Center of forehead (frontal plane)
Cervical Rotation ROM Goni
-0-60
Stationary: lateral acromion
Axis: Center of cranium
Movement: nose
Cervical Flexors MMT
-Capitus, SCM, Ant. scalene
-Supine
-Chin to test; push forehead
Cervical Extensors MMT
-Spinae, Capitus, upper Trap
-Prone
-Lift head off table; push base of cranium
Cervical Anterolateral Flexors MMT
-SCM
-supine
-Lateral flexion and rotation; push forehead
Cervical Flexors Endurance Test
-tuck chin and lift head an inch
-Male: 40s; Female: 30s
Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease
-nucleus p. dehydrates and annulus looses height
-leg Sx, activites
Tests
-Posture
-Gait
-MMT (trunk and hip)
-neuromuscular screen
Outcome Measures
-ODI
-Modified plank
-FLI
Lumbar Disc Pathology
-flexion and rot
-most herniate pos.
-bilateral
-motor and sensory
-valsalva/weightbearing
-leg issues, squat tollerance
Tests
-Squatting
-Gait
-AROM
-neuromuscular screen
Outcome Measures
-ODI
-Sit to stand
-FLI
Lumbopelvic Rhythm
1st lumbosacral flexion, then anterior pelvis tilt, hip flexion
Spondylolisthesis
-repetitive hyperextension
-pain and time of day, walking, back positions
Tests
-Posture
-Myotomes/reflexes
-MMT (trunk)
-AROM
Outcome Measures
-ODI
-Sit to stand
-FLI
Chronic low Back Pain
Tests
-Posture
-Gait, lifting
-MMT (trunk and hip)
-ROM
Outcome Measures
-STaRT back tool
-Sit to stand
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
-age related
-motor and sensory
-after walking and standing
-positions of relief
Tests
-Posture
-LE Neurosensory
-Gait, lifting
-MMT (trunk and hip)
-AROM
Outcome Measures
-Timed Treadmill test
SIJ Hypermobility
-common with pregnancy
-unilateral activities
-pain radiating behind leg
-inability to stand or sit for a while
Tests
-MMT (trunk and hip)
-AROM
Outcome Measures
-Plank
-Sorensen
Cervical AROM Values
Flx: 40
Ex: 50-70
LSB: 22
Rot: 70-90
Thoracolumbar AROM Values
Flx: 60
Ex: 25
LSB: 35
Rot: 45
Lumbar AROM Values
Flx: 40-50
Ex: 15-20
LSB: 25
Sorenson Back Extensor Test
Prone Plank Endurance Test
5x Sit to Stand
Power Hand Grip Dynamometry
Cervical Flexor Test
Clearing the Lumbar Spine
AROM
-Flexion: Bend forward
-Extension: hands on hips
-Lat SB: arms to the side
-Rotation: arms crossed, stabilize hips
RROM
-Flexion: resist being pulled back
-Extension: resist being pushed
-Lat SB: push shoulder down, stabilize contra pelvis
-Rotation: Pull one shoulder back, stabilize contra pelvis
Overpressure
-Flexion: sitting, Bend forward hands together, stabilize low back with forearm and push upper back with other forearm
-Extension: sitting, cross arms and arch back, stabilize low back with forearm and push chest
-Lat SB: sitting, lean to one side using trunk only, push ipsi shoulder down, stabilize contra pelvis
-Rotation: arms crossed, rotate to one side, push isi shoulder
Passive SLR & Dural Stretch
-hamstring shortness and mobility
-flx hip w/ extended knee
-DF ankle and tthen ask to flex head
SLUMP Tests
-neural tension
-hands behind back, slouched
-knee extended off table and ankle DF
-have patient tuck chin
Valsalva Test
-neuro involvement of spine
-hold breath and press down
-increases intraabdominal pressure
Compression Test
-SI pain test
-sidelying, press on iliac crest creating ant pressure on SI
Distraction Test
-SI pain test
-supine, press on ASIS down and laterally
Sacral Thrust
-SI pain test
-prone, push on sacrum with overlapping hands
Thigh Thrust
-SI pain test
-supine, 90 deg hip flx
-one hand on sacrum, another on bent leg patella
-push into hand
Quadratus Test
-quadratus fem strength
-side plank
-lift side up
Trunk & Neck Elevation Test
-prone, hands behind back, raise trunk
-take height
Quadrant Testing
-spine pathology
-Flx and RSB: disc on left
-Flx and LSB: disc on right
-Ext and RSB: foramen on right
-Ext and LSB: foramen on left
