Evaluate the Social Key question (8 marks) Flashcards
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
→ IN GROUP/OUTGROUP - Outgroup refers to a group of people who are perceived as different or distinct from the In-group.
→ Teams comparing them against each other as better which then can cause fights between teams and hooliganism
→ LEVINE ET AL 2005 - Carried out an experiment on football supporters. Fans were invited to a selected part of the university where they watched a stranger fall and apparently injure themselves. In condition one the stranger wore a Man united shirt matching the ppts football club. In another condition, the ppts wore a liverpool short (rival team). Findings were 92% helped the Man united fan and 30% did anything to help when it was a Liverpool Fan.
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
→ SOCIAL COMPARISON - Is the process of evaluating one self by completing oneself to others.
REALISTIC CONFLICT THEORY
→ COMPETITION - Refers to a social situation in which individuals or a group strive for a goal.
→ Competition between the teams and fans in football. This could lead to fights between teams as they compete for a place in a final. This could cause protesting and a lot of hate between people.
→ JANE ELLIOT ‘BROWN EYES/BLUE EYES’ - She told her class that blue eyed people were better and were allowed to do certain stuff. This created competition between blue eyes and brown eyed people as blue eyed people though they were better.
REALISTIC CONFLICT THEORY
→ NEGATIVE INTERDEPENDENCE - Refers to a situation in which individuals or groups are in competition with another for a limited resource.
→ SHERIF ET AL ‘ROBBERS CAVE’ - Sherif split a group of boys into two groups based on personality. These two groups of boys started to turn against each other which created competition between the boys. This caused arguments as each group of boys believed they were better than the other one.
REALISTIC CONFLICT THEORY
→ SCARCE RESOURCES - Refers to a resource which individuals or groups are in competition with another for a limited resource
SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY
→ NUMBER - Number of items or a frequency of an event.
→ The number of fans can have an influence on how much trouble is caused at these events → More fans lead to more protests and hooliganism
→ IMMEDIACY - Refers to degrees of psychological closeness or proximity between individuals.
→ SUPER ORDINATE GOALS
→ Used to promote positive outcomes between individuals
→ Fans come together to create an positive environment to enjoy. Charity matches bring everyone together
→ INCREASED CONTACT
→ By promoting positive interactions and relations between groups to help break down stereotypes
→ EDUCATION
→ By promoting peace and standing between members of different groups.
→ Educating fans which reduce football hooliganism and rioting. It means fans will understand the consequences.
→ SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY
→ By promoting social influence and cooperation.
→ Increasing the presence of an authority figure at football matches which could deter aggressive behaviour.
