EV1005 - L2 World Forests - General

Question 1

How much forest and woodland does Australia have?

Answer 1

5% Forest
8-9% woodland

Australia is amoung the less-timbered nations

Question 2

How much forest is in Victoria

Answer 2

16% is forested

Question 3

How much forest is in Tasmania

Answer 3

31% is forested

Question 4

True or False?

Australia contains many coniferous and deciduous plant species

Answer 4

False

Question 5

The 2 most dominant genera in plant spectrum

Answer 5

Eucalyptus (Aprox 550 species)

Acacia (Aprox 850 species)

Question 6

True or False?

Settlers were REQUIRED to clear land within 6 months to get a deed grant

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or False?

Trees were greatly valued by settlers as a resource

Answer 7

False

Question 8

When settlers cleared, did EVERYTHING get cleared?

Answer 8

No. Trees were left to provide shade for livestock and some were left because they survived ringbarking

Question 9

True or False?

Trees dont often regenerate from a single tree left in a padock

Answer 9

False

See image in slide notes

Question 10

True or False?

there are often large, older trees surounded by smaller, younger trees because these have survived and have started regenerating forests

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Trees are cleared for what 2 main reasons?

Answer 11

Agriculture and Timber

Question 12

What 4 continents / main areas have impacted forests the worst in the past?

Answer 12

Europe
Mediterranean
USA
Australia

Question 13

Where are the largest remaining belts of forests? (2 major places)

Answer 13

Humid Tropics and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere

Question 14

From 1960-1990 how much tropcal forest did the world lose? (sq km or %)

Answer 14

4.5 milion square kilometres, or 20% of the total

Question 15

What 30 year bracket did the world lose 4.5 million square kilometres, or about 20% of the total

Answer 15

1960-1990

Question 16

Who was responsible for major clearing of tropical forests in 1960-1990? (50% of the clearing)

Answer 16

Latin America and Caribbean, Africa, and Asia Pacific

Question 17

How much of the land area is coverd by forests world wide?

Answer 17

31%

Question 18

How much forest was was cleared world wide from 1990 - 2000? (ha/year)

Answer 18

16 million ha/year

Question 19

How much forest was was cleared world wide from 2000 - 2010?

Answer 19

13 million ha/year

Question 20

Is deforestation increasing or decreasing according to data from 1990 - 2010?

Answer 20

Decreasing.

From 1990 - 2000 16 million ha/year was cleared
From 2000 - 2010 only 13 million ha/year was cleared

Question 21

What are 2 natural reasons for loss of forests in Australia?

Answer 21

Fire and drought

Question 22

Because of replanting of forrests, what was the net change of forests from 1990 - 2000? (ha/yr)

Answer 22

-8.3 million ha/year

Question 23

Because of replanting of forrests, what was the net change of forests from 2000 - 2010?

Answer 23

-5.2 million ha/year

Question 24

What 2 continents have the largest net loss of rainforests?

Answer 24

South America and Africa

Question 25

How much of the worlds forests are planted forests?

Answer 25

7%

Question 26

Are planted forests increasing?

Answer 26

Yes. Planted forests account for 7% of the worlds forests

Question 27

How much of the worlds forests are designated for the conservation of biological diversity?

Answer 27

12% (most but not all of these areas are located within protected areas

Question 28

How much of the worlds forests are legally protected?

Answer 28

13%. These include National Parks, game reserves and wilderness areas

Question 29

What are 3 reasons for forests to be legally protected?

Answer 29

Conservation of biological diversity, protection of soil and water resources, and conservation of cultural heritage

Question 30

True of False? Statistics say that 1% of forests are effected by forest fires

Answer 30

True However, undereporting is common with little or no information recorded from many countries, particularly Africa

Question 31

True or False? Pests, diseases and invasive species and natural disasters cause servere damage to forests world wide

Answer 31

True For exsample, mountain pine beetle has devistated more than 11 million ha in Canada and western US since 1990

Question 32

True or False? Canopy cover hase little effect on farming beside dificulty in hearding

Answer 32

False As well as difficulty in hearding, canopy cover decreases efficiency in pasture growth. 20% cover causes pasture growth to decrease by 50%. 50% cover completly prevents growth

Question 33

What 5 things can forests conserve/control environmentally? (excluding biodivirity)

Answer 33

``` Soil and water conservation Avalanche control Sand dune stabalization Desertifercation control Costal protecton ```

Question 34

What country was primarily responsible for the increase in forests designated for frotective function between 1990 and 2010?

Answer 34

China. They did lage-scale planting aimed at desitfication control, conservtion of soil and water (and others)

Question 35

How much forest has Brazil designated for conservation of culture and way of life of forest dependent pepole?

Answer 35

More than 1/5

Question 36

Globaly, how much forest is designated to the provision of social services (recreation, tourism, education, conservation and spiritual heritage)

Answer 36

4%

Question 37

20% canopy cover causes how much of a decrease in pasture growth? (%)

Answer 37

50% pasture growth decrease

Question 38

50% canopy cover causes how much of a decrease in pasture growth? (%)

Answer 38

100% pasture growth decrease. Pasture is unable to grow at all