european empires far behind (pre 16th c)

Question 1

5 assertations about the pre- 1500 world

Answer 1

1. was stagnant, limited economic development
2. divided in insular regions (islands of civilization without connection to eachother)
3. governed by irrational despots
4. impossibility of a globally interdependent world
5. the world finally connected through European age of discovery from the 1500s

Question 2

when was the oriental globalization?

Answer 2

500 to 1800

Question 3

how does the oriental globalization begin?

Answer 3

with the revival of the camel as a mode of transportation

Question 4

what happens during 500-1000 during the oriental globalization?

Answer 4

the main centers of civilization are connected- creating a world system.

Question 5

why was the islamic world central to globalization (3)

Answer 5

1. provided unity through islam in a previously fragmented region
2. included a strong penchant for trade
3. sharia protected people against rulers - set about contracts for it.

Question 6

what did marco polo do?

Answer 6

first european to visit china

Question 7

what did ibn battuta do?

Answer 7

travelled the whole world excp the americas

Question 8

what are the 3 main empires of the oriental globalization?

Answer 8

1. tang china
2. ummuyad and abbasid caliphates
3. fatimid

Question 9

when did the islamic world become a bridge to the afro eurasian economy?

Answer 9

650-1800

Question 10

when was china more internally powerful than islamic empires?

Answer 10

1100s

Question 11

when did china start influencing the global economy more?

Answer 11

1400s

Question 12

which empire was ruling when the industrial revolution happened?

Answer 12

song

Question 13

what characterizes the industrial revolution? (3)

Answer 13

1. revolution in steel and iron
2. a tax system based on cash
3. massively advanced agricultural techniques (means higher yield ratio)

Question 14

what was the role of china’s tax system based on cash on the industrial revolution?

Answer 14

a tax system based on cash leads to specialization because people don’t need to grow everything themselves (bc there are markets) towns become cities.

Question 15

when was the first military revolution?

Answer 15

850 to 1390

Question 16

what was the first military revolution characterized by? (3)

Answer 16

1. revolution in navigation techniques
2. invention of the compass
3. invention of new ships

Question 17

when does China start influencing the global economy more than its islamic counterparts?

Answer 17

1400s

Question 18

who was zheng he?

Answer 18

a great admiral of China- went on voyages with treasure fleets (encouraging people to become tributes)

Question 19

when and how does China renounce its massive military expansion?

Answer 19

by voluntarily destroying its treasure fleet in 1433.

Question 20

what was the identity reason of the destruction of the treasure fleet?

Answer 20

new emperor embraces confucianism and isolationism

Question 21

what was the material reason of the destruction of the treasure fleet?

Answer 21

they were concerned about the costs of maintaining it and they got military threats form land borders

Question 22

a common misconception about China after 1433

Answer 22

although China renounces maritime imperialism, it’s still open to international trade and continues to develop

Question 23

when was indian ocean trade at its peak?

Answer 23

1200-1400s

Question 24

when do europeans start getting involved in the silk road?

Answer 24

late 1400s