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9th Grade History > Europe > Flashcards

Europe Flashcards

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1
Q

city-state

A

political division of ancient Greece

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2
Q

Acropolis

A

hill top fortress for every Greek city state with a temple

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3
Q

Archaic

A

The 1st period of Greek Art; very unrealistic, flat, and stiff.

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4
Q

Classical

A

The 2nd period of Greek Art; realistic, movement visible, life-like

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5
Q

Hellenistic

A

The 3rd period of Greek Artidealistic, dramatic poses and clothing, movement under cloth.

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6
Q

Philosophers

A

seekers of Wisdom, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

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7
Q

Mythology

A

polytheistic religion of ancient Greece, 12 Olympians are the main Gods

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8
Q

Olympics

A

occurred every four years at Mount Olympus to honor the Gods, competitions done in the nude, women could not watch or participate

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9
Q

Senate

A

roman council of 300 politicians who advised the consuls

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10
Q

Consul

A

two Roman leaders serve for one year and share power

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11
Q

Triumvirate

A

3 Roman leaders serve at the same time

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12
Q

Julius Caesar

A

first Roman dictator, killed by the Senate in 44 BC

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13
Q

Two capital of the Roman Empire

A

Rome and Constantinople

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14
Q

Pax Romana

A

200 years of peace in the Roman Empire, 5 good emperors, built roads, created a common money system

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15
Q

Constantine

A

first Christian Roman emperor

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16
Q

Aqueducts

A

carried water throughout the Roman empire

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17
Q

476 AD

A

fall of Rome

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18
Q

Three reasons Rome fell

A
  1. TOO BIG
  2. Social - people have different cultures, languages, and customs
  3. Political - having two capitals and four emperors did not work
19
Q

Feudalism

A

social class structure during the Middle Ages

  1. Kings
  2. Lords/Vassals
  3. Knights
  4. Serfs
20
Q

MAIN causes of WWI

A
  1. Militarism - building up armies and weapons
  2. Alliances - making “secret” alliances with other countries to help in times of war
  3. Imperialism - expanding your countries land and borders
  4. Nationalism - proving that your country is better than any other country
21
Q

Blitzkreig

A

German lightning warfare of planes, tanks, and troops sent in to take over an area

22
Q

Allied Powers

A

France, Great Britain, Russia, USA

23
Q

Axis Powers

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

24
Q

Central Powers

A

Germany, Italy, Austria Hungary

25
Q

Two things that brought the US into WWI

A

Sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Note

26
Q

Reign of Terror

A

one year period during the French Revolution where aristocrats were killed, mostly by the guillotine

27
Q

Three Estates

A

class system of France before the Revolution
First Estate - clergy and religion figures
Second Estate - nobles
Third estate - everybody else

28
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

ended WWI but the restrictions and guilt on Germany helped cause WWII

29
Q

War of words

A

Cold War

30
Q

Renaissance

A

“re-birth” of ancient Greek and Roman knowledge, art, sculpture, etc.

31
Q

Bubonic Plague

A

airborne disease during the middle ages, killed 1/3 of the population

32
Q

Military expedition for the Christians to take the Holy Land from the Muslims

A

Crusades

33
Q

birthplace of the Renaissance

A

Florence, Italy

34
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

change from farming societies to factory and city living

35
Q

Russian Revolution

A

Tsar Nicolas and his family are killed by the Bolsheviks and communism takes over in Russia

36
Q

Rasputin

A

Russian sorcerer who healed the Russian prince’s hemophilia disease, murdered by Bolsheviks (evil eyes for the ladies)

37
Q

Ghetto

A

Neighborhoods that Jews were forced into before being sent to concentration camps

38
Q

Kristallnacht

A

“night of broken glass” where Nazi’s raided and destroyed Jewish neighborhoods, synagogues, and businesses

39
Q

East Germany

A

German occupation zone that Russia took over and forced into communism, built the Berlin wall around West Berlin

40
Q

Athens

A

Largest Greek city-state. Focused on Art, Architecture and Academics. Parthenon to worship their patron god, Athena.

41
Q

Sparta

A

Short lived empire. Focused on Military. Very educated, eloquent speaking.

42
Q

Greek Column that is “boring”

A

Doric

43
Q

Greek Column with “eyes”

A

Ionic

44
Q

Greek Column with “corn stalks”

A

Corinthian

9th Grade History (7 decks)

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