Eurasia in the Middle Ages Flashcards
The Middle Ages in Europe lasted from about ________.
500 AD to 1500 AD
The term Middle Ages comes from ____________, which is Latin for “middle’ and “age”
medieval
During the 800s, the ruler __________ managed to reunite many small new kingdoms into an empire.
Charlemagne
Soon after Charlemagne died in 814, a political and military system called _____________ developed.
feudalism
True or False
Knights were professional soldiers who were loyal to their lord.
True
True or False
A peasant was the ruler of the kingdom.
False
True or False
In the manorialism system, at the center of each fief was the lord’s home, called a plantation.
False
A ____________ was a person who was allowed to have a house and a plot of land in return of paid rent to their lord.
serf
During the High-Middle Ages (1000-1300), the economy of Europe began to grow stronger and a ____________ class began to arise.
merchant
During the late Middle Ages, the four powerful kingdoms which developed into nation-states were _____________, ___________, _____________, and _____________.
England, France, Spain, and Russia
During the Early Middle Ages, two tribes controlled the kingdom of England. They were the ____________.
Angles and the Saxons
_____________ is remembered as a wise and fair ruler because he reorganized the government, wanted to stop corruption, clearly explained the duties of royal officials, set strict penalties of counterfeiting, and outlawed duels.
Louis IX
In 1469, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Isabella married and united the kingdoms of ______________.
Aragon and Castile
In 1547, ______________ was the Grand Prince of Moscow and became the first to rule all of Russia.
Ivan IV
True of False
William of Normandy and his Norman knights killed King Harold and defeated his forces at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
True
True or False
In the early 800s, Charlemagne was the king of the Franks, a group of people who lived in the region that is now Spain and were ancestors of the Spanish people.
False
True or False
The troops of Ferdinand and Isabella defeated the Muslims and Granada and Navarre which ended Muslim control in Spain.
True
In the 800s, ______________ defeated Danish invaders and united the regions of England into one Anglo-Saxon country.
King Alfred
King John made laws and decrees that angered the nobles because they believed the laws were unfair. In 1215, a group of barons and church officials forced King John to agree to a written document about governing in which he gave up some royal power called the ______________.
Magna Carta
The Spanish Inquisition took place in many Christian countries, including __________, __________, and ___________.
France, Germany, and Italy
In the 500s, the Byzantine Empire was Christian and controlled the Holy Land. However, in the 600s, __________ conquered the land.
Muslim Arabs
The ___________ began in 1095, after the Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban II for help fighting against the Turks and capturing the Holy Land from Muslims.
Crusades
In 1099, an army made up of mostly French and Norman knights attacked __________, an important city in the Holy Land and captured city.
Jerusalem
From 1337 to 1453, the Hundreds’ Year War raged between the French and the English, who were fighting over control of _____________.
France
True or False
In 1701, a new group of rulers, the Seljuk Turks, took over the Holy Land and began to limit Christian use of religious sites.
True
True or False
In 1144, Muslim Turks captured three of the Christian states and threatened the other one. This action started the Second Crusade.
False
True or False
During the Hundreds’ Year War, the French won most of the battles.
False
Richard III of England, Philip II of France, and Fredrick I of Germany tried to defend the cities of Tyre, Tripoli, and Antioch and they also wanted to recapture Jerusalem. So, they started the ___________ ____________.
Third Crusade
After the failed Fourth Crusade, strengthened by their belief in God, thousands of ______________ traveled to the Holy Land in 1212 in an event called the _______________ _______________.
(Poor) Children in and event called the Children’s Crusade.
The ______________ used advanced weapons, such as the cannon and by 1453 won the Hundreds’ Year War.
French
The ________ armies brought the Black Death to China and then to the rich Italian trading country of Caffa, located in the Black Sea.
Mongol
The __________ also known as the Black Death.
bubonic plague
Using __________, the Mongols threw dead plague victims over the city walls of Caffa.
catapults
A small group of Italian soldiers escaped Caffa and sailed back to _________ taking the bubonic plague with them.
Genoa
True or False
The bubonic plague had two forms, one infecting the victim’s blood and the other infecting the victim’s lungs.
True
True or False
Many records suggest that the Black Death killed about one-third of Europe’s population in the 1300s.
True
True or False
The Black Death spread quickly and easily throughout Europe and Asia because of the fleas from infected dogs.
False
Before the Plague, Europe was still a ____________ society and as the labor force began to shrink, it began to fall apart.
feudal
Some people believe that the plague was a punishment form __________.
God
The Black Death affected the __________, __________, and __________ systems
social, political, and economic
