Ancient Greece Flashcards
On which continent is Greek located?
Europe
Greek legends suggest that the pantheon of gods ruled atop __________.
Mount Olympus
Because Greece’s mountains, islands, and peninsulas separated the Greek people from each other and made communication difficult, Greek civilization developed into independent ________.
city-states
Around 1200 BCE, the ________ fought a war with the city of Troy. This was is believed to be the basis for the story of the Trojan War in Greek Mythology.
Mycenaeans
In approximately 548 BCE, Cyrus, also known as Cyrus the Great, united what most of what is today Iran under his control and established himself as ruler of _________.
Persia
In 490 BCE, __________ sent a fleet of Persian ships to conquer Greece. The soldiers landed at the plain of Marathon.
King Darius
The ________ won the battle of Marathon.
Greeks
After the Persian victory at Thermopylae, Xerxe’s army conquered Athens and _________.
burnt it to the ground
Three Hundred ________ died at the battle of Thermopylae.
Spartan soldiers
In 480 BCE, the Greeks lured the Persian fleet into a narrow channel between the mainland near Athens and the Greek island of Salamis. The Greeks won the battle of Salamis because of their __________.
triremes
The Persian war ended when the Greeks won the battle of __________.
Plataea
A system of government where one person -the king or queen-has the power to rule is called a ___________.
Monarchy
A system of government where only a few people hold power, which usually consists of the upper classes, and those with the most wealth and property is called a _________.
Oligarchy
In _________, all citizens, or members of the city states, share the power of ruling.
Democracies
In Athens, a council of _________ men, who were chosen by lot, or lottery, each year, proposed laws.
500
True or False
In Athens, women were not considered citizens and did not have any of the rights male citizens enjoyed.
True
True or False
Athenians spent most of their time working and could not focus on cultural pursuits.
False
True or False
Sparta remained a military oligarchy, while the other city states sifted to tyrannies and democracies.
True
True or False
Helots trained for war because the Spartan boys and men were too busy tending the fields.
False
Women performed many exercises to become and stay strong, because Spartans believed that strong women produced _____________.
strong babies
In 431 BCE, Sparta joined with other disconnected members of the Delian League to fight against Athens in the ______________ War.
Peloponnesian
After 25 years, the Peloponnesian War ha not achieved an advantage for either city state In 405 BCE, Sparta sought aid from ____________ to help defeat Athens’s navy.
Persia
During the ______ period of ancient, Greece, architecture and the arts flourished and philosophy, the search for wisdom, was developed.
classical
______, _______, and _______ were three Greek philosophers whose works have inspired generation of thinkers.
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
__________ is the philosopher who was believed to have served in the Athenian military as a member of the council of 500.
Socrates
The approach to teaching that uses a series of questions and that would force a person to examine their opinion and to think more deeply about the issue being discussed is known as the ___________.
Socratic Method
__________, one of Socrates most important students, set up a school called the Academy.
Plato
After teaching King Philip II of Macedonia’s son, Alexander, for seven years, __________ formed his own school the Lyceum.
Aristotle
Pythagoras, a mathematician and philosopher who lived in the six century BCE, led a movement to study the nature of numbers. He and his followers derived the _______________.
Pythagorean Therom
Hippocrates wrote an oath that swore to protect patients from harm and and live an ethical life called the ___________.
Hippocratic Oath
When the Greeks returned to Athens after the Persian wars, they built a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena called the _______________.
Parthenon
______________ is a belief in many gods.
Polytheism
The Ancient Greeks believed that 12 major Gods and Goddesses, known as Olympians, lived on ____________, the highest mountain in Greece.
Mount Olympus
_________ were part god and part mortal
demigods
The Olympic Games, honoring _________, became the most important athletic religious festival.
Zeus
True or False
The Greeks held the Olympic Games every ten years
False
True or False
One of the best known poets, Homer wrote two of the most influential works ever: the lliad and the Odyssey.
True
True or False
Sophocles, one of the best known Greek playwrights, wrote many tragedies including Ajax, Electra, and Oedipus Rex.
True
True or False
After Alexander’s victories over the Persians, Alexander led his forces further east to the western boarder of India and then returned to Babylon and began to attempt to establish a government that could rule over the vast empire he had created.
True
True or False
Alexander the Great was killed by a Persian soldier
False
True or False
The intermingling of Greek and Asian cultures produces a unique civilization called the Grasian culture.
False
True or False
By 220 BCE, Romans began to gain control of Greece. Eventually, all of Greece was absorbed into the Roman Empire.
True
