Eukoryotic cell cycle Flashcards
1
Q
What are the stages of the Eukaryotic cell cycle?
A
- G1
- S
- G2
- Mitosis
- Cytokinesis
2
Q
What happens in G1?
A
- Biosynthesis
- Growth
- Amino acids form proteins for DNA replication
- Chromosomes in singular chromatin form
3
Q
What happens in S phase?
A
- Synthesis of new DNA
- DNA replication occurs
- All chromosomes are replicated
- Very rapid
4
Q
What happens in G2 phase?
A
- Cells continue to grow
- proofreading enzymes check DNA for correct DNA replication
5
Q
What happens in G0 phase?
A
- Resting phase where no replication occurs
- Apoptosis may occur (programmed cell death)
6
Q
What are the stages of Mitosis?
A
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
7
Q
What occurs in Prophase?
A
- DNA supercoiling (fat clustery ball)
- Nuclear envelope breaks down
- Centrioles divide and move to the poles
- spindles form
8
Q
What occurs in Metaphase?
A
- Sister chromatids attach to the spindles by their centromeres at the cell equator
9
Q
What occurs in Anaphase? ( Anarchy splits up society)
A
- centromeres of each chromatic pair split up
- motor proteins drag chromatids towards the poles
10
Q
What occurs in Telophase?
A
- New nuclear envelopes form around the chromosomes forming two nuclei
11
Q
What occurs in Cytokinesis?
A
- in plant cells a new cell wall is built between the nuclei
- in animal cells the cytoplasm is pinched off
