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Biology > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula of glucose?

A

C6H12O6

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2
Q

What makes up a carbohydrate?

A

Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen

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3
Q

What is the Benedict’s test?

A

The test for reducing sugars
Equal volume of testing solution to equal Benedict’s reagent
Heat to 70 degrees Celsius
Red is strong positive green is weak positive blue is negative
Calorimeter can be used to test colour

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4
Q

What is the test for a disaccharide?

A 
2 to 1 ratio of test solution to dilute HCL 
Boil
Cool
Add excess NaOH to neutralise 
Repeat test for reducing sugar
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5
Q

What makes up maltose? What is maltose?

A

A disaccharide made up of two alpha glucose molecules

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6
Q

What is the process of joining two starch molecules called?

A

A condensation reaction

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7
Q

What is the process of separating two starch molecules called?

A

Hydrolysis

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8
Q

What makes up sucrose?

A

Glucose and fructose

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9
Q

What makes up lactose?

A

Glucose and galactose

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10
Q

What is a polysaccharide?

A

A long chain of monosaccharides

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11
Q

What is the general formula of a Carbohydrate?

A

CnH2nOn

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12
Q

What are starch’ two polymers called?

A

Amylose and Amylopectin

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13
Q

What is the structure of Amylose?

A

Chain of Alpha glucose. oils into a helix. Compact and so a good storage molecule. Glucose molecules joined by 1-4 links.

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14
Q

What is the structure of amylopectin?

A

Made of alpha glucose, forms long branched chains. Long chains mean few ends and so is difficult to break down which makes it good for storage. glucose molecules joined by 1-4 links but where a branch joins a main chain a 1-6 link forms

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15
Q

What makes up starch?

A

Amylose and amylopectin

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16
Q

What is the difference between alpha glucose and beta glucose?

A
  • the carbons 1 and 4 on alpha glucose mirror each other with hydrogen on top and oh on the bottom
  • 1 and 4 carbons on beta glucose are the opposite way round

Biology (25 decks)

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