Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
Nucleus
Largest and most prominent organelle. Contains genetic information of the cell. Site of DNA replication and RNA synthesis
Nucleolus
synthesis of rRNA transcription, processing and ribosome assembly.
Mitochondria
site of oxidative metabolism and responsible for generating most of the ATP derived from the breakdown of organic molecules.
Chloroplasts
sites of photosynthesis. Convert energy to forms cells can use for work.
Lysosomes
provides specialized metabolic compartments for the digestion of macromolecules using hydrolytic enzymes
Peroxisomes
provides specialized metabolic compartments for various oxidative reactions.
Vacuoles
Functions include digestion of macromolecules and storage of both waste products and nutrients, in plant cells.
ER
Processing and transporting of proteins and also synthesis of lipids.
Golgi
Proteins transported from the small membrane come here. Further processing, modification, shipping and sorting for transport. Can be cis or trans faced.
Cytoskeleton
Organizes internals of eukaryotic cells. Made of protein filaments extending throughout cytoplasm. Provides structural framework, cell shape, and movements of entire cells.
Plasma membrane
Bilayer of phospholipids and associated proteins. Provides separation between inside of cell and external environment; regulates traffic in and out of the cell.
Cell wall
composed of polysaccharides and peptides. Porous and readily penetrated.
Ribosomes
sites of protein synthesis. Translation of RNA into proteins takes place here.
