Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

Ribosomes

Answer 1

Complexes of RNA and protein that are responsible for protein synthesis

Question 2

Cytoskeleton

Answer 2

Provides internal structure and medicated intracellular transport

Question 3

Plasma membrane

Answer 3

Semi-permeable and selective barrier surrounding the cell

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Stores genetic material (DNA) as chromatin; nucleolus is site of ribosome assembly

Question 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

Transports materials between organelles (smooth ER = lipids and rough ER = proteins)

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Involved in the sorting, storing, modification and export of secretary products (e.g. lipids and proteins)

Question 7

Mitochondrion

Answer 7

Site of aerobic respiration

Question 8

Peroxisome

Answer 8

Catalyses breakdown of toxic substances (e.g. H2O2) and other metabolites

Question 9

Chloroplast (plant cell only)

Answer 9

Site of photosynthesis - manufactured organic molecules are stored in various plastids

Question 10

Vacuole (plant cells only)

Answer 10

Maintains hydrostatic pressure

Question 11

Cell wall (plant cells only)

Answer 11

Provides support and mechanical strength; prevents excess water uptake

Question 12

Lysosome (animal cells only)

Answer 12

Breakdown / hydrolysis of macromolecules

Question 13

Centrosome (animal cells only)

Answer 13

Radiating microtubules form spindle fires and contribute to cell division (mitosis / meiosis)