1.1. Genes

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

Sections of DNA that code for a polypeptide or RNA molecule. They influence a characteristic.

• DNA is made of 4 different bases (A, T, C, G).
• A gene is a sequence of bases in DNA.
• Each gene has a specific base sequence.

Question 2

Locus

Answer 2

The specific location of a gene in the DNA. It has a fixed position.

Question 3

Codons

Answer 3

Three bases in a gene.

• A specific codon encodes a specific amino acid.
• The codons present in a gene and the sequence of codons are translated into a sequence of amino acids.
• Together, these acids form a polypeptide.

Question 4

mRNA

Answer 4

The sequence of bases in a gene is made into a polypeptide by copying DNA into messenger RNA. This is then copied into the corresponding polypeptide.

Question 5

Exons

Answer 5

The coding region in a gene.

Question 6

Introns

Answer 6

The non-coding region of a gene.