Eukaryotes Vs Prokaryotes Flashcards
What is the definition of prokaryotic cells?
Describes single-celled organisms that do not contain a nucleus.
What are prokaryotes?
Prokaryotic organisms.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
What is the importance of DNA?
It is the genetic information found in all living organisms.
List characteristics of prokaryotes.
- Are single-celled
- Do not have a nucleus
- Are smaller
- May also have plasmids.
What are eukaryotic cells?
Describes cells that contain a nucleus.
What is a eukaryote?
An organism that is made of eukaryotic cells.
What distinguishes multicellular organisms?
Organisms that are made from more than one cell.
What is a ribosome?
A small cell organelle in the cytoplasm in which proteins are made.
What is respiration?
The release of energy from glucose.
Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells do not contain a _______.
nucleus
True or False: Eukaryotic cells are always unicellular.
False
What is the significance of understanding the scale of cells?
It is important to develop a sense of scale and know which type of cells are being studied.
Why are plant leaves green?
What is the fence between plant and animal cells?
Cell wall.
What is a chromosome?
A structure that contains genetic information.
What is the function of ribosomes?
To make proteins.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Describes single-celled organisms that do not contain a nucleus.
What are prokaryotes?
Prokaryotic organisms (bacteria).
What is DNA?
The genetic information found in all living organisms.
What is a characteristic of prokaryotes?
They are single-celled.
Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?
No, they do not have a nucleus containing their genetic material (DNA).
How do the sizes of prokaryotic cells compare to eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells.
What are plasmids?
Small rings of DNA that may be present in prokaryotes.
What is the typical length range of individual bacterial cells?
Between 1 um and 10 pm.
How many micrometres make up one metre?
One million micrometres (um) make up one metre (m).
How many bacteria can fit in a straight line in a space of 1 mm?
Between 100 and 1000 bacteria.
What are groups of bacterial cells called?
Colonies.
When do many scientists believe prokaryotes first appeared?
About 3.5 billion years ago.
What is the cytoplasm?
A fluid part of the cell inside the cell membrane where most chemical reactions occur.
What is the function of the cell wall in bacterial cells?
To provide support.
What is different about the DNA in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes?
DNA in prokaryotes is not arranged in complex chromosomes.
What is the cell membrane’s role?
It controls what substances go in and out of a cell.
What is a ribosome?
A small cell organelle in the cytoplasm in which proteins are made.
What is respiration?
The release of energy from glucose.
Fill in the blank: The fluid inside the cell membrane is called _______.
cytoplasm
True or False: Prokaryotes are more complex than eukaryotes.
False
What is the main component that holds other components in the cytoplasm?
Water.
