Eukaryotes Flashcards
What is a parasite
An organism that is on or in a host causing damage to the host
Pathogen vs parasite
Parasites are bigger protozoa while pathogens are smaller
Define pathogens
Bacteria, viruses, fungi
Define parasites
Protozoa, anthropods, helminths
Describe some characteristics of fungi
Unicellular ,microscopic (yeasts) and multicellular forms(molds)
Most free living, terrestrial
Important as decomposers and economically
What are some fungi diseases in humans
Superficial mycoses and systematic mycoses
What is the example for systematic mycoses and the disease it leads to
Coccidioides immitis
Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever)
What is the example for superficial mycoses and the disease it leads to
Candida albicans
Candidiasis (yeast infection, thrush, diaper rash)
Describe the characteristics of protozoa
Microscopic, unicellular organisms
Most free living, aquatic
Important in food chains and as decomposers
Asexual(fission) and sexual reproduction
Many form cysts for dispersal, survival
Parasites often use fecal oral transmission
What are some protozoa diseases in humans
Flagellates, amoebas, apicomplexans(sporozoans)
What is the example of flagellates in the disease it leads to
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
What is the example for amoebas in the disease it leads to
Entamoeba histolytica
Amebiasis/ Amebic dysentery
What is the example of apicomplexans and the disease in leads to
Plasmodium falciparum
Cerebral malaria/severe malaria
Describe the characteristics of anthropods
Insects vs. arachnids
Ectoparasites
Most important as vectors of diseases
What are the diseases of anthropods in humans
Ectoparasites and vectors
What is the example for ectoparasites and the disease it causes
Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis
Scabies
What are the characteristics of helminths
Parasitic worms: nutrients from host
Complex life cycles Ofter with one or more intermediate hosts and a definitive host
Points of entry: contaminated food and water, vectors, skin
Many use fecal oral transmission
Name the diseases in humans of Helminths
Nematodes, cestodes(tapeworms), trematodes(flukes)
What is the example for nematodes and the disease it leads to
Ascaris lumbricoides(Giant human intestinal roundworm)
Ascariasis
Name the example of cestodes in the disease it leads to
Taenia solium
Taeniasis or cysticercosis
Name the example for trematodes and the disease it leads to
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosomiasis
Are all eukaryotes pathogenic
No
