Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

micropara lec > EUKARYOTE > Flashcards

EUKARYOTE Flashcards

1
Q

it has no organelles and they are unicellular (archaeans, bacteria) the genetic material of this is free in the cytoplasm

A

Prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

it contains many organelles and can be both unicellular or multicellular (protists, fungi, plants, animals) the genetic of this is contained in cell nucleus.

A

Eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

it is known as plasma membrane: historically the plasmalemma, it is range from 5-10nm thick and must be sufficiently flexible to allow certain cells to change shape

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

it separates the cells contents from the external environment and form its boundaries, a semipermeable membrane controlling the flow of metabolites to and from the protoplasm

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

it is the largest part of the cells, it contains 70-80% H2O, it has semi-solid consistency, which comes from the proteins within it; other simple and complex biomolecules and their derivatives are also present including ions and many other elements. it is where chemical reactions of cell metabolism takes places

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do you call to the fluid under the cytoplasm that fills the inside of the cells and which contain cell organelles

A

Cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

it is a large dna molecules which genetic information and which regulate the functioning of the cells

A

Genetic Material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

it is the cytoplasm and nucleus of a cell

A

Protoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

it can be found in protist except protozoa and plants containing cellulose and fungi containing chitin

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do you call for the little organs

A

organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

it is a single membrane-bounded forming a network canals over which proteins and other molecules are transported and it is made of a set of flattened interlinked tubes which adhere to the nuclear membrane

A

endoplasmic reticula (endoplasmic reticulum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

it is which the ribosomes attached and it stores and transport proteins

A

Rough-Endoplasmic Reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

it is which no ribosomes attached and it is to build, store and transport lipids

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

it is a single membrane-bounded made up if one or more sacs(or stack) of flat cavities(dictyosomes) located very close to the endoplasmic reticulum which emits and receive small vesicles

A

Golgi apparatus or golgi bodies ot golgi complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what do you call for the flat cavities in the golgi apparatus?

A

dictyosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

it modifies, sorts, tags, packages, and distributes lipids and proteins; it receives substances that come from the endoplasmic reticula and pack them into vesicles for use in the cell or secretion out of the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

it is known as the powerhouse of the cell, it is small, double-membranes, spherical or sausage shaped organelles

A

mitochondria (mitochondrion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a fold giving the inner membrane of a mitochondrion its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on

A

cristae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the region of inner membrane between cristae

A

matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

double-membraned found in algae and plants

A

plastids

21
Q

it contain green pigments (chlorophyll) that is essential in photosynthesis

A

chloroplast

22
Q

it contains a red, yellow or orange pigments(carotenoids)

A

chromoplast

23
Q

it is contain a colorless pigments and it is for food storehouses (carbohydrates, lipids and proteins)

A

Leucoplast

24
Q

single membrane-bound without basic shape and size or that the structure may vary according to the requirements of the cell

A

Vacuoles

25
Q

store food and other nutrients required by cell to survive and store waste products and prevent the entire cell from contamination

A

vacuoles

26
Q

tiny sacs that transport material within or outside the cell

A

Vesicles

27
Q

help move materials, such as proteins and other molecules, from one part of a cell to another (esp. the Golgi apparatus)

A

Transport Vesicle

28
Q

move molecules outside of the cell, through exocytosis

A

Secretory Vesicles

29
Q

present at the end a nerve cell transmit signal by secreting
neurotransmitters that activate receptors in the next cell along.

A

Synaptic Vesicle

30
Q

vary in shape and size, depending on the needs of the cell they serve;
increases in no. and size if, for e.g., they have a lot of alcohol to break down

A

Peroxisome

31
Q

oxidizes and breaks down amino acids and fatty acids, detoxifies poison (such as alcohol), contains catalase that breaks down 2H2O2 (toxic)  2H2O + O2

A

peroxisome

32
Q

contains hydrolytic enzyme active at a much lower pH which are used for the controlled intracellular digestion of macromolecules and it breakdown of macromolecules and pathogens(bacteria, viruses) and recycling of worn-out organelles

A

Lysosome

33
Q

float outside the cell important in intercellular communication

A

Extracellular vesicles

34
Q

with two subunits – small (40S) and large (60S) ribosomal subunit; without membranes to divide them moves freely within the cytoplasm (free ribosomes) or adhere to the rough exterior of endoplasmic reticula (fixed ribosomes)

A

Ribosomes

35
Q

organizing center of microtubules in animal cells; comprises two microtubule rings known as centrioles regulates cell motility, adhesion and polarity in interphase and facilitates the organization of the spindle poles during mitosis

A

Centrosome

36
Q

paired and composed of nine sets of triplet microtubules arranged in a ring

A

centrioles

37
Q

network of protein fibers and filaments distributed throughout the cytoplasm and intermediate filament, microfilaments (or actin filaments), microtubules

A

Cytoskeleton

38
Q

These are protuberances or evaginations of the cytoskeleton, covered with plasma
membrane.

A

locomotory organelles

39
Q

short, numerous it is locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane and filtration

A

cilia

40
Q

long, single

A

flagellum

41
Q

circular, dark-stained part of the protoplasm and it controls the activities of the cell – protein synthesis, gene action, cell division, and metabolic rate

A

nucleus

42
Q

double-membrane structure that constitutes the nucleus’ outermost portion and is both the inner and outer membranes are phospholipid bilayers

A

nuclear envelope

43
Q

is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, so the space between
the inner and outer nuclear membranes is directly connected with the cavity or channel of the
endoplasmic reticulum. separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm, maintain the nucleus as a distinct biochemical compartment, provides the structural framework of the nucleus, acts as barriers that prevent the free passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

A

nuclear envelope

44
Q

small channels that span the nuclear envelope and it control the passage of ions, molecules, and RNA between the nucleoplasm and the
cytoplasm

A

nuclear pores

45
Q

the semi-solid fluid inside the nucleus, where we find the chromatin and the nucleolus

A

nucleoplasm

46
Q

uncoiled chromosomes consisting of DNA and protein molecules (histones), the material responsible for the dark appearance of the nucleus in a stained specimen, become chromosomes during cell division

A

chromatins

47
Q

highly coiled chromatins during cell division

A

chromosomes

48
Q

a darker-stained region inside the nucleus that does not have a limiting membrane, an accumulation of large amounts of RNA and proteins of the types found in ribosome, it produces ribosomal RNA molecules transported out through the nuclear pores for the
creation of ribosomes (ribosome biogenesis)

A

Nucleoli

49
Q
A

micropara lec (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions