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Oncology > Ettinger > Flashcards

Ettinger Flashcards

1
Q

Name te 6 hallmarks of cancer

A 
1-Self sufficient growth signals 
2-Insensitivity to anti- growth signals 
3- tissue invasion and metastasis 
4- limitless replicative potential 
5-substained angiogenesis 
6-evade apoptosis
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2
Q

Name the tumor suppressor gene

A

P53

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3
Q

Rôle of telomerase (TTAGGG)

A

Prevent chromosome détérioration

If does not aged as normal, allow limitless replication

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4
Q

Curative radiation protocol

A

Large number with low dose

Results in acute side effects

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5
Q

Palliative radiation protocol?

A

Small number of high dose

Few acute side effects. High late toxicity

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6
Q

What cell stages are more sensitive to radiation?

A

Late G1, early S, G2, M

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7
Q

Rôle of innate immunity in tumor proliferation

A
  • Tumor associated neutrophils (recruit Treg and support tumor angiogenesis)
  • M2
  • myeloid derived suppressor cell (inhibit Tcell ans recruit Treg)
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8
Q

Rôle of adaptive immunity in tumor progression?

A

Th2 and Th17 inhibit cytotoxic Tcell

Treg

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9
Q

Name 3 nonspecific immunotherapy

A

-Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin
( modified mycobacterium that elicit inflammation with macrophages, neutrophils, cytotoxic T cell and long lives memory)
- L-MTP-PT
- SQ IL-12

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10
Q

Which mutations means that reduction in chemotherapy dose is needed?

A

Dogs: MDR-1
Cats: ABCB1-delta

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11
Q

Palmal-plantar erythodysesthesia is cause by which chemotherapy?

A

Doxorubicin

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12
Q

Main neurological effect of vincristine ?

A

Iléus

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13
Q

Type of hypersensitivity that can be related to L-asparaginase ?

A

Type I (IgE)

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14
Q

Which breed of cat is over represented in lymphoma?

A

Siamese

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15
Q

Immunotherapy for lymphoma?

A

CD20 for B cell

CD52 for T cell

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16
Q

Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with which lymphocyte subtype ?

A

CD8+ T cell

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17
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to diffuse cornifying épithelioma?

A

Norwegian elkhound and Keeshond

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18
Q

Breeds with digital SCC

A

Giant schnauzer, standard poodle, Labrador, Rottweiler and flat coated retrievers

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19
Q

What is Bowen disease ?

A

Muticentric SCC

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20
Q

Which location is more likely to results in malignant melanoma?

A 
Mucocutaneous junction (except eyelid)
Digit
21
Q

Which breed is over represented in STS?

A

Golden

22
Q

Metastasis of STS

A

Hematogenous (lung and liver)

23
Q

STS chemotherapy

A

Doxorubicin

Cyclophosphamide and piroxicam

24
Q

GI sarcoma is responsive to which chemotherapy?

A

Palladia

25
Q

Biomarkers of hemangiosarcoma ?

A
  • Troponin
  • Collagen XXVII peptide levels
  • TKI1
26
Q

Second most common appendicular neoplasia?

A

Chondrosarcoma (golden, German Shepherd and boxer)

27
Q

Appendicular HSA: breed and location

A

German Shepherd, Great Dane and boxer

Proximal humerus

28
Q

Axial neoplasia: breed

A

Female boxer

29
Q

Ribs OSA: age and location and % of metastasis

A

Young
Distal third near costochondral junction
100%

30
Q

Feline appendicular OSA :
Gender
Location
Metastasis

A

Male
Digit and proximal humerus
Uncommon metastasis

31
Q

Metastatic bone tumor from which primary neoplasia?

A

Feline: lung digit syndrome

Urogenital carcinoma in dogs

32
Q

Which gene promotes proliferation, differentiation and maturation of mast cell ?

A

Kit (CD117)

33
Q

Mast cell tumor: pronostic per location

A

🙂cutaneous
😕 sublingual, oral and mucosal
😰 viscéral

34
Q

Mast cell: pronostic per breed

A

Boxer 🙂

Shar pei ☹️

35
Q

Most common location of MCT in cats?

A

Spleen

36
Q

Which cell is involve in canine histiocytoma regression?

A

CD8+ T cell

37
Q

Which breed is predisposed to systemic histiocytosis ?

A

Bernese mountain dogs

38
Q

Histiocytic sarcoma complex arises from which cells ?

A

DC (CD11 and CD18)

39
Q

Breed predisposition for histiocytic sarcoma?

A

Bernese, flat coated retriever, Rottweiler, golden, Labrador

40
Q

Which breed gets localized histiocytic sarcoma in CNS?

A

Corgi

41
Q

Chemotherapy for histiocytic sarcoma?

A

CCNU

42
Q

Hemophagocytic sarcoma: breed?

A

Bernese, golden and Rottweiler

43
Q

Cystadenocarcinoma with concurrent nodular dernatofibrosis and uterine tumor is seen in which breed?

A

Female German Shepherd

44
Q

Prostatic cancer is seen in which breed?

A

Neutered Shetland and scottish-terrier

45
Q

What is the treatment for TvT?

A

Vincristine

46
Q

Name the 3 types of testicular cancer

A

Interstitiel (leydig)
Seminoma
Sertoli cell tumor

47
Q

Most common uterine neoplasia?

A

Dogs: leiomyoma
Cats: adenocarcinoma

48
Q

Most common ovarian cancer in cats?

A

Granulosa cell tumor

49
Q

Which breed of cat is predisposed to mammary cancer?

A

Siamese

Oncology (3 decks)

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