Etiology and Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease

Question 1

What are some common infections in the oral cavity?

Answer 1

Caries
Periapical Lesions
Fungal 
Viral
Abcesses
Periodontal

Question 2

two basic forms of periodontal diseases are

Answer 2

Gingivitis

Periodontitis

Question 3

How much of attached gingiva do you loose annually w/ periodontitis?

Answer 3

0.1 eh… inches….

Question 4

Nonspecific accumulation of plaque causes?

Answer 4

Gingivitis

Question 5

What are the three things required for a disease?

Answer 5

1. ) Microbial plaque
2. ) Genetics
3. ) Acquired/Environmental factors

Question 6

What was the 70’s theory to periodontal disease?

Answer 6

Direct plaque was related to increased severity of disease

Question 7

Etiology of Periodontal disease to cause microbial plaque (5)

Answer 7

Bacteria
Fungus
Protozoa
Virus
Mycoplasm

Question 8

What two things are required for periodontal disease?

Answer 8

Dental Plaque

Endotoxins

Question 9

What is calculus?

Answer 9

Dead bacteria that have been mineralized

Question 10

Benefits of a biofilm?

Answer 10

Commuication
Quorum sensing
Resistant to antibiotics and immune response

Question 11

Bacteria found in the red complex.

Answer 11

Porphyromonas gingivalis
Bacteroids (Tannerella) forsythus
Treponema denticola

Question 12

What complex are sreptococcus spp. found?

Answer 12

Yellow complex

Question 13

Which complex is A.a. found?

Answer 13

Green complex

Question 14

Bacteria attach directly to the?

Answer 14

Pellicle

Question 15

The pellicle is composed of?

Answer 15

Salivary proteins

Question 16

What are the 2 regulatory components in G - Quorum sensing

Answer 16

Transcriptional activator protein (R Protein)

AHL molecule

Question 17

What does the fluid gradient provide in a biofilm?

Answer 17

Flow of nutrients and bacterial communication

Question 18

Where is the most common location for sub-gingival plaque?

Answer 18

Posterior distal mid-buccal

Question 19

Is there a relation between poor oral hygiene and the risk of developing periodontitis?

Answer 19

Eh, not really

Question 20

What must always occur before periodontitis?

Answer 20

Gingivitis

Question 21

name 3 that help prevent against phagocytosis

Answer 21

Fimbrea
Capsule
Endotoxin

Question 22

What is the main thing that prevents infection?

Answer 22

Intact epithelium

Question 23

When bacteria attach to a surface what are they avoiding?

Answer 23

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)

Question 24

How may bacteria enter the host?

Answer 24

Ulcerations

Direct penetration

Question 25

How man American suffer from gingivitis?

Answer 25

>90%

Question 26

about how many adults suffer from periodontitis?

Answer 26

about half

Question 27

What is a formula for periodontal disease? (3)

Answer 27

Pathogenic flora Lack of good flora Susceptible host

Question 28

What are some healthy bacteria? (5)

Answer 28

``` Actinomyces spp. Strep mitis Strep sanguis Capnocytophaga spp. V. parvula ```

Question 29

How quickly do bacteria attach to the pellicle after a cleaning?

Answer 29

within hours

Question 30

What bacteria are generally associated w/ Supragingival plaque

Answer 30

Gram + | Aerobic

Question 31

What are the 2 plaques of Supragingival plaque?

Answer 31

Coronal | Marginal

Question 32

What bacteria are generally associated w/ Subgingival plaque

Answer 32

anaerobic | G -

Question 33

With Subgingival plaque you have

Answer 33

Attached | Unattached

Question 34

What layer is the most pathogenic?

Answer 34

Attached plaque

Question 35

Calculus attachment is

Answer 35

mechanical | direct

Question 36

layers of a pocket

Answer 36

1. Calculus 2. Attached plaque 3. Unattached plaque 4. junctional epithelium 5. partially lysed ct fibers

Question 37

what is considered to be the "critical zone"

Answer 37

Partially lysed ct fibers

Question 38

unattached subgingival plaque mostly consists of....

Answer 38

Motile, gram

Question 39

unattached subgingival plaque is in direct contact w/ ?

Answer 39

Junctional and sulcular epithelium

Question 40

Young Supra-gingival Plaque

Answer 40

G+ | aerobic

Question 41

Aged Supra-gingival Plaque

Answer 41

G- | anaerobic

Question 42

What bacteria are Strongly associated with periodontal disease?

Answer 42

A.a. P. gingivalis T. forsythia

Question 43

What bacteria cause abscesses of the periodontium? (5)

Answer 43

``` F. nucleatum (Fuse) Prevotella intermedia (Provollon) Peptostreptococcus micros (Pepsi) Bacteriodes Porphyromonas gingivalis ```

Question 44

Characteristics of A.a.

Answer 44

``` Non-motile G - Faculatative anaerobe *Sccharolytic* Coccobacillus Starshapped colonies *invades epithelial cells* ```

Question 45

Where is A.a. Prevalent?

Answer 45

LAP

Question 46

What toxin does A.a. produce?

Answer 46

Leukotoxin

Question 47

LPS as a direct relationship with....

Answer 47

bone resorption

Question 48

Characteristics of Prophyromonas gingivalis

Answer 48

``` G- Anaerobic non-motile asaccharolytic *Black pigmination* *invades epithelial cells* ```

Question 49

fun facts of P. gingivalis

Answer 49

Grow in elevated pH | Thick capsule

Question 50

Characteristics of Tanerella forsythia (Bacteroides)

Answer 50

``` G - anaerobic pleomorphic *co cultivation with F. nucleatum* *invades epithelial cells* ```

Question 51

Characteristics of Prevotella intermedia

Answer 51

G- anaerobic *Elevated in ANUG* Black pigmented

Question 52

Where do you find Fusobacterium nucleatum?

Answer 52

Sub-gingival samples

Question 53

Characteristics of Campylobacter rectus

Answer 53

G- anaerobic *motile vibrio* Produces leukotoxin

Question 54

Characteristics of Peptostreptococcus micros

Answer 54

*G+* anaerobic asaccharolytic

Question 55

Spirochetes

Answer 55

G- Smell bad *NUG*