Etiology

Question 1

UMN damage

Answer 1

slow to initiate the swallow

structures move slow

weak

Question 2

Apraxia

Answer 2

difficulty initiating swallow

slowed oral transit time

Question 3

Dementia

Answer 3

lack of awareness of bolus

problems with oral prep and oral stage

Question 4

Parkinson’s

Answer 4

do not swallow automatically

trouble cooridnating the strucutral movements

Question 5

Brainstem CVA

Answer 5

weak swallow

difficulty initiating

Question 6

Surgery

Answer 6

changed anatomy

sensation affected

Question 7

Laryngectormee

Answer 7

what

Question 8

Radiation

Answer 8

reduced movement of all structures

Question 9

Right Hemisphere

Answer 9

Increased duration of oral phase

Greater pharyngeal delay

Pharyngeal dysmotility

Question 10

Left Hemisphere

Answer 10

Swallow apraxia

but, pharyngeal swallow may be motorically normal

Question 11

subcrtoex

Answer 11

mild delay in pharyngeal trigger

impairment in timing of pharyngeal component

Question 12

cerebellum

Answer 12

uncoordinated swallow

poor bolus control

impaired sequencing/timing

Question 13

Pons

Answer 13

delayed pharyngeal swallow

reduced hyolaryngeal excursion with cricopharygneal dysfunction

Question 14

Medulla

Answer 14

absent pharyngeal swallow

reduced hyolaryngeal swallow

unilateral VF paresis

Question 15

CN V

Answer 15

sensation of ant 2/3 of tongue, palate, inside of mouth, lower lip

Question 16

CN IX

Answer 16

sensation of posterior 1/3 of tongue, oropharynx

Question 17

CN X

Answer 17

SLN brance
sensation of throat
triggers swallow due to sensation of laryngeal rim

Question 18

Cn VII

Answer 18

taste of anterior 2/3