ethnicity internal factors Flashcards
cline at al - teacher labelling
found racism was common amongst pupils in schools
gypsy roma students faced bullying/harassment at school :- lower self esteem
wanless report 2007 - black pupils
they’re significantly more likely to be permanently excluded or punished more harshly
- placed in bottom sets due to behaviour
swann report - racism from teachers
small amount of actively racist teachers, even more promote unintentional racism
wright and connolly
- inner city primaries found that teachers stereotyping has big impact, positive expectation of asian students - quiet.
- black-afro caribbean students labelled as disruptive :- conflict.
Gillborn and Youdell 2000
perceptions of black students, including ‘difficult to control’, ‘slow learners’ and ‘lacking concentration’ :- low self esteem and SFP
gerwitz 2009
girls wearing a hijab were seen as passive and not requiring all qualifications.
black male dress codes were seen as defiant and subversive
why did the school hiring policy come under fire in 2004 report?
teacher role models were seen to be lacking from EM groups
0.8% of head teachers and 1.7% of normal state funded teachers are from EM.
92.5% of headteachers are white
Archer - pupil identities
ideal pupil
pathological ideal pupil
demonised pupil
ideal pupil
- white MC, masculine identity, normal sexuality. they achieve high through natural ability
pathological ideal
asian, ‘deserving poor’, feminised identity, bisexual or oppressed sexuality. plodding conformist and culture bound.
over-achievers through hard work not natural ability
demonised pupil
black or white student, w/c, hyper sexualised identity. unintelligent, peer led, culturally deprived under achiever
archer’s study in 2008
found that teachers stereotype asian girls as quiet, passive or docile
shain 2003
when asian girls challenge sterotypes by misbehaving, they are dealt with more severely than other pupils
archer and chinese pupils
even those minority pupils who perform successfully can be pathologized :- succeed in wrong way through hard work and conformism
archer and francis
summed this as ‘negative positive sterotype’
Fuller - responses to labelling
- study on black girls
- they were untypical bc they were high achievers
- they rejected negative stereotypes and chose educational success
- they didn’t seek approval of teachers
- they were friends with other black low stream girls
- relied on own efforts
mac an ghail’s study
- black and asian a level students
- they believed teachers had labelled them negatively but rejected label
- their responses depended on ethnic groups and gender
- shows that a label doesn’t always produce a SFP
mirza - failed strategies for avoiding racism
teachers discourage ambitious black girls through advice
3 types of teacher racism
- colour-blind teacher (students equal but allows racism)
- liberal chauvinists (black pupils are deprived :- lower expectations)
- overt racists (black people inferior and discriminate against them)
sewell - responses to racism
- rebels
- conformists
- retriatists
- innovators
who are the rebels?
most visible and influential group but small minority.
rejected the goals and rules of school.
anti - authority, anti - school ‘black macho lads’
believed in their own superiority based on the idea that black masculinity equates with sexual experience
who are the conformists?
largest group. boys were keen to succeed, accepted the school’s goals and had friends from different EM.
no subcultures and not anxious to be stereotyped.
who are the retriatists?
a tiny minority isolated and disconnected from school and black subcultures.
despised by rebels
who were the innovators?
2nd largest group.
pro-education but anti-school.
valued success, didn’t seek approval of teachers and conformed only as far as school work itself was concerned
they distanced from conformists and maintained credibility with rebels
