ETHNICITY DEA- EXTERNAL FACTORS Flashcards
1-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION-______ and values
ATTITUDES
Some black children are socialised into a subculture that instills a fatalistic ‘live for today’ attitude that does not value education and leaves them unequipped for success
1-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION -FAMILY_____ AND PARENTAL ____= what sociologist talks about this and what do they say?
STRUCTURE,SUPPORT
MOYNIHAN-because many black families are led by a lone mother,children are deprived of care as she struggles financially trying to take on the breadwinner role
-fathers absence also means a lack of role models for male achievement
-sees cultural deprivation as a cycle where inadequately socialised children from unstable families go on to fail at school and become inadequate parents themselves
1-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION- ____ AND CULTURE- which sociologist talks about this and what does he say?
GANGS
SEWELL-argues that it is not lack of a father figure that causes underachievement but a ‘tough love’ attitude that results in black boys finding it harder to overcome behavioural and emotional difficulties
-in the absence of a nurturing father,boys turn to gangs that teach ant-school black masculinity
-argues that the biggest issue that black boys face is discouragement from their peers and in order to fix this, they need to have greater expectations placed on them to raise their aspirations
1-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION-ASIAN FAMILIES- which sociologists talks about this and what do they say?
SEWELL- Indian and Chinese pupils benefit from supportive families that have a high work ethic and value education
LUPTON- respectful behaviour towards adults is expected from children which continues into a school environment
1-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION- WHITE WC FAMILIES- which sociologist talks about this and what do they say?
LUPTON- studied 2 predominantly white schools,one largely Pakistani and one ethnically mixed and found that teachers reported poorer levels of behaviour from white WC pupils despite the fact that there were less of them on FSM
-teachers blamed this on lower levels of parental support and the negative attitudes that white WC parents had towards education, in contrast to this, ethnic parents saw education as a way up in society
1- CRITICISMS OF CULTURAL DEPRIVATION- what does driver say?
DRIVER- ignores the positive effects of ethnicity on achievement , he sees black Caribbean families as far from dysfunctional and says that it provides girls with positive role models of strong independent women
1-WHAT IS KEDDIES CRITICISM OF CULTURAL DEPRIVATION?
-Sees it as victim blaming, ethnic minority children are not culturally deprived but culturally different and they underachieve because schools are ethnocentric
2-MATERIAL DEP AND CLASS- what does PALMER say about this?
Ethnic minorities are more likely to face this
- almost half of all ethnic minority children live in low income households compared to a quarter of white children
-ethnic minorities are almost twice as likely to be unemployed compared to whites
- almost half of Bangladeshi and Pakistani workers earned under £7 per hour compared with only a quarter of whites
2-MATERIAL DEP- why are ethnic minorities at greater risk of material deprivation?
-many live in economically depressed areas with high unemployment and low wage rates
- a lack of language skills and foreign qualifications unlikely to be recognised by UK employers
- racial discrimination in the labour market and housing market
2-MATERIAL DEP- how is it reflected?
In the amount of ethnic children who are eligible for FSM
2-MATERIAL DEP- how can it be criticised?
Even those Indian and Chinese pupils who are materially deprived do better than most- in 2011, 86% of Chinese girls who received FSM achieved 5 or more higher grades compared to 65% of white girls who were not receiving FSM
MODOOD- material dep and class do not completely override ethnicity, he found that while children from low income generally did less well, the effects of low income were less for ethic pupils compared to whites
3-RACISM IN WIDER SOCIETY- what does Rex say?
Racial discrimination leads to social exclusion and this worsens poverty faced by ethnic minorities e.g in housing it means that minorities are more likely to be forced into substandard accommodation than whites people of the same class
3-RACISM IN WIDER SOCIETY- what does WOOD ET AL say?
Sent 3 job applications to almost 1000 job vacancies, these came from fictitious applications with names associated with different ethnic groups, for each job, one application appeared to come from a white person and 2 from ethnic minority groups,
-he found that only one in 16 ethnic minority applications were offered an interview compared to 1 in 9 white applicants
3+RACISM IN WIDER SOCIETY-What does WOOD ET AL’S research help to explain?
Why members of ethnic minorities are more likely to face unemployment and low pay and this in turn has a negative effect on their children’s educational prospects
