Ethnicity and Migration

Question 1

Migration trend UK (Sturge 2018)

Answer 1

Between the 1960s and the early 1980s, more people
emigrated from the UK than moved to live in the UK.
◮ Immigration rose more sharply from the mid-1990s

Question 2

Largest groups of EU citizens UK

Answer 2

Polish, Romanian, Irish

Question 3

Increasing Ethnic Diversity in UK

Answer 3

• Still 86% White
• Goodhart (2004) sharing and solidarity can conflict with diversity
• could undermine social cohesion and
  support for the welfare state

Question 4

Why America does not have a European welfare state (Alesina and Glaeser, 2004)

Answer 4

• Federalist structure and political system causes differences in the size of welfare
• ‘it is much easier to convince a white middle class person in
  the United States to think that the poor are “different”
• generosity across people is limited
  by racial cleavages

Question 5

Immigration and social cohesion

Answer 5

• in the long-run will have important cultural, economic and developmental benefits
• in the short-run reduce social solidarity and social capital

Question 6

Changing threats of migrant groups

Answer 6

Irish immigrants were previously depicted as ape-like in 19th c. American. Southern black and northern Irish were seen as the same thing.