ethnicity Flashcards
Cashmore and Troyna
when immigrating to the UK, African Caribbean, Indian and Pakistani families faced discrimination from British people and as a result they “turned inwards”- created their own communities with people from their own ethnic backgrounds so they did not have integrate. they had their own places of worship within their communities. eg temples, church and made their own shops.
their response to racism was to become assertive with their ethnic background rather than adopting British.
Hebdige
young black migrants responded to racist with asserting their culture- Rastafarians which was seen as a religion in Jamaica and in the UK they adopted this culture as a type subculture wearing red, yellow and green and smoked cannabis and wore dreadlocks.
Young Jamaicans in the UK created sub cultures which was alternative to white youths, and they therefore resisted racism from this
Ghuman
British Asian identities valued traditions, religions and family played a big part in the upbringing of the second generation. Asian children were socialised into the extended family with emphasis on loyalty, honour and religious commitment.
eg. choosing marriage partners teaching of problems with premarital sex ext, and taught a second language
selective education that fits the religion - manipulation
Anwar
culture clash - Family can be the source of conflict with Asian children due to westernisation (clothes, freedom , marriage) the younger generation mix with others at school who hold different cultures cause a mix of identities, which cause conflict with the parents surrounding honour
bulter 1
media is Islamophobic- fear of extremism and Islam poses a threat to British society
Back
studied 2 council estates in south london and found that black white and asian youths all shared friendships , fashion , music and slang. this was evidence of hybrid identities were all youths were trying cultural masks, Having multiple identities adopted from other cultures- cultural borrowing- cultural masks.
Gill
Talks about the blasian identity meaning that asians have adopted black cultures such as dress and language.
burdsey
studied 2nd and 3rd gen british asian footballers and found they adopted an asian identity with their asian families and a white identity with their peers, code switching
Nayak
White wannabes: Young white working class males who adopt the styles and language of black culture such as hip hop, gangsta and rap.
bulter 2
Second generation muslims experience tensions between british and asian culture which can influence their attitudes to religion and create a culture clash.
sewell
Hypermasculine: The black afro caribbean boys had a lack of male role models and instead looked up to rappers and tried to imitate them.
Cultural comfort zones: The peer group also rejects academic success and black boys believe that teachers and employers are all racist there’s no point following a conventional pathway.
watson
argues there is a generation gap between Muslims in Britain due to the second generation hold different values to their parents gained from western culture.
driver and ballard
argue that Indian value education highly and push their children to have high ambition- England having good education fuels Asian parents - doctors n lawyers
archer and francis
success of british-chineese Asian and educational success is a part of their identity and when Chinese boys taken part in laddish behaviour they still maintain good grades,
tiger mums- encourage high status jobs and do lots of homework
COARD
Institutionally racist - curriculum has one viewpoint and ignores other cultures particularly white history/white literature. ethnocentric- British system - may affect minority students as they aren’t educated on their own history
