ETHICS:Utilitarianism-

Question 1

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Maximise and minimise?

Answer 1

Maximise happiness and minimise pain.

Question 2

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Weighs up?

Answer 2

Weighs up pleasure and pain- chooses option that results in most happiness.

Question 3

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Teleological?

Answer 3

Teleological, looks at consequences of the situation.

Question 4

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Hedonic Calculator;

Answer 4

Intensity
Duration
Certainty 
Propenquity 
Fecundity 
Purity
Extent

Question 5

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Hedonic Calculator?

Answer 5

Weigh up pleasure and pain to decide what action we chose.

Question 6

ACT UTILITARIANISM-

Who?

Answer 6

Jeremy Bentham.

Question 7

PREFERENCE UTILITARIANISM-

Who?

Answer 7

Peter singer

Question 8

PREFERENCE UTILITARIANISM-

What does it do?

Answer 8

Looks at preference of all the people in the situation and all preference needs to be considered before a decision is made- EQUAL PREFERENCE.

Question 9

PREFERENCE UTILITARIANISM-

R.M Hare:

Answer 9

“We should try and stand in the shoes of other people”

Question 10

PREFERENCE UTILITARIANISM-

Why is he controversial?

Answer 10

Values preference of some animals over humans. Doesn’t think some people have preferences: coma, foetus, severely disabled (personhood).

Question 11

RULE UTILITARIANISM-

Who?

Answer 11

John Stuart mill.

Question 12

RULE UTILITARIANISM-

Quality and quantity-

Answer 12

Quality over quantity of pleasure.

Pleasure of mind over pleasure of body.

Question 13

RULE UTILITARIANISM-

Type of pleasure quote:

Answer 13

‘It is better to be a satisfied human than a dissatisfied pig’

Question 14

General rules-

Answer 14

Ensure greatest happiness for greatest number.