Ethics, Rules of Conduct and professionalism Flashcards
What is bribery?
Giving or receiving a financial or other advantage in exchange for the improper performance or a function or activity.
What is the The Bribery Act 2010?
The Bribery Act creates a strict liability offence of failing to prevent bribery.
Under the Bribery Act, companies will be liable if anyone acting under its authority commits a bribery offence.
Such persons can include employees, consultants, agents, subsidiaries and joint venture partners.
What are the 4 main offence under The Bribery Act 2010?
- Take or receive a Bribe.
- Offer a Bribe.
- Bribing a Foreign Public Official.
- Failure to prevent a bribe.
In relation to bribery and corruption RICS-regulated firms must?
· Do not offer or accept, directly or indirectly, anything
that could constitute a bribe.
· Have plans in place to comply with applicable laws
governing bribery and corruption.
· Report any activity breaching anti-bribery and
corruption laws to the authorities.
· Undertaker period written evaluations of the risks the
Firm face regarding facilitation of bribery and
corruption.
· Retain records as to how the firm has met the r
requirements of the professional statement.
In relation to bribery and corruption RICS members must?
· Do not offer or accept, directly or indirectly, anything
that could constitute a bribe.
· Have adequate knowledge of bribery and corruption
to comply with the professional statement.
· Report any activity relating to anti-bribery and
corruption breach to authorities or a senior manager.
What should you do if you are offered a gift?
· Firms must keep a clear record of gifts and hospitality.
Called a Gift Register.
· Gifts should only be accepted when justifiable and
proportionate, timing and reciprocation.
When should a firm have a whistleblowing policy?
Depending on size, it may be appropriate for RICS Regulated Firms to have a formal whistleblowing policy covering when and how employees should report concerns and how reports should be treated.
· Should be confidential
· Should be Separate from the normal chain of
command
What is Money Laundering?
The concealment of illegally obtained money by moving it through banks, property and legitimate businesses.
Money laundering is the process of concealing the origin of funds produced by criminal activity.
In relation to money laundering and terrorist financing RICS-regulated firms must?
· Not facilitate or be complicit in money laundering or
terrorist financing activities.
· Have systems in place to comply with relevant laws.
· Report any suspicions to the relevant authorities.
· Evaluate and review risks.
· Verify the identity of clients.
· Retain records as to how the firm has met the
requirements of the professional statement.
In relation to money laundering and terrorist financing RICS members must?
· Not facilitate or be complicit in money laundering or
terrorist financing activities.
· Report any suspicions to the relevant authorities.
What is a Politically Exposed Person (PEP)?
These people are high risk from a money laundering and corruption perspective as they hold positions of influence.
A correct approach to dealing with a PEP is to have a policy that enables a PEP to be detected on a risk basis. EDD should be applied to the PEP. Deeper assessment of transaction type and source of funds. Senior managers should be involved in decisions regarding PEPs.
Dealing with companies, the same principles should be applied if the beneficial owner of the company is a PEP.
What is Rule 8 of the RICS Rules of Conduct for Firms?
A firm shall preserve the security of client money entrusted to their care in the course of practice or business.
When handling clients money RICS members must?
· Hold the money in a client bank account (which the
firm has exclusive control over).
· Ensure the account only hold sums provided by the
client
· Do not hold office money in the account. Must be
separate from firm money or other client money.
· The bank account must include the word ‘client’ and
the name of the firm in the title of the account.
· Ensure money is immediately available (Even at the
sacrifice of interest).
· Given instructions to hold funds in a high interest
account with penalties for instant access, penalties are
only paid by the client with client consent and
provided this will not cause the account to go
overdrawn.
What are the Client Money objective obligations for both RICS Members and Firms?
· Ensure money is kept safe
· Client money is used for appropriate purposes only.
· RICS regulated firms have appropriate controls and
procedures to safeguard client money.
What is the RICS money protection scheme?
RICS Regulated firms that hold client money must ensure they are registered with the appropriate RICS scheme;
· RICS Client Money Protection Scheme for Surveying
Services, applies to RICS Regulated Firms in the UK.
· RICS Client Money Protection Scheme for Property
Agents, applies to letting agency and property
management work in England only.
What are the requirements for RICS members handling clients money?
· Ensure compliance with all anti-money laundering
legislation, rules and regulations for all receipts of
client money.
· Ensure compliance with Mandatory requirements for
Countering Bribery and Corruption, money
laundering and terrorist financing RCIS Professional
statement.
· Follow all client money handling procedure for the
firm they work for.
· Do not override any controls in place to protect client
money.
· Disclose any risk of or actual misappropriation of
client money to a senior member of the firm and
record it.
What information must be provided to clients in writing?
· Confirmation money will be held in a client account
including the account details.
· Advice to clients who pay fees in advance for
surveying services that the money is not covered by
the Client Money Protection Scheme.
· Disclosure of commissions earned while managing
their property.
· Disclosure of commissions earned while managing
their property.
· How unidentified funds are dealt with.
· A copy of the firms written procedures for handling
client money.
What is a complaint?
An expression of dissatisfaction. Usually when expectations have not been met.
How to deal with a Complaint?
· Allocate the complaint the appropriate person as per
Company CHP.
· Respond to the complaint within the timescales
detailed in the CHP.
· Investigate the complaint using the defined
procedures.
· Identify an outcome or route for closing the
complaint.
· Formally record the process.
· Communicate lessons learnt internally.
· Review at a pre-determined date in the future.
What does Rule 7 of RICS’ Rules of Conduct for Firms state?
A firm shall operate a complaints handling procedure and maintain a complaints log. The complaints handling procedure must have an ADR mechanism approved by the regulatory board.
What are the minimum requirements a firm must have?
- All Firms should have CHP
- Quick, Transparent and Impartially Implemented.
- Appoint a person to carry out investigation.
- Make info about CHP available to clients.
- If Complainant still unhappy, they have the right to a
separate review or mediation. - If Complainant still unhappy, they have the right to
independent dispute resolution.
How would you complain about a RICS Member or Firm?
Initially to the firm via the complaints handling procedure.
If no action, complain to the RICS.
What can the RICS investigate if a complaint isn’t handled properly?
· Failure to use the CHP. · Conflicts of interest. · Misuse of client’s money. · Negligence. · Failure to answer correspondence. · Convictions of a criminal offence.
What is the 2 stages of CHP that RICS regulated firms must have?
· Consideration by the firm.
· Refer to an independent redress scheme (ADR /
Ombudsman) if not resolved.
What is acknowledgement of complaint?
A defendant must acknowledge service within 14 days of receipt of the complaint.
What is submission of defence?
A defence must be filed within 28 days of service of the Complaint, although the parties can agree an extension of up to 28 days (or long if the court agrees).
What is without prejudice?
It is found at the head of legal correspondence, where its intention is render the contents inadmissible as evidence.
What should an effective CHP have?
It should be fit for purpose - Reflect the size and structure of the business.
Made available to all staff - A CHP is intended to provide clarity and consistency to staff and clients.
Be understood by all staff - Keep records of staff training.
Readily be shared - supplying them with a copy should be routine.
Be regularly reviewed at senior level - Record evidence of the review, to include reviewer details and review date.
Be agreed with PII brokers/providers - The CHP should reflect processes that do not compromise the PII cover.
ADR - Provide details of access to an independent redress system if the firm can not resolve the complaint.
What does the RICS Professional Statement say on
Conflicts of Interest?
RICS members or firms must not advise or represent a client where in doing so would involve a conflict of interest or a significant risk of a conflict of interest; other than where all of those who are or may be affected have provided their prior informed consent.
Every RICS member or firm must?
· Identify and manage Conflicts of Interest in
accordance with the professional statement.
· Keep records of the decisions made in relation to
whether to accept individual professional
assignments, obtain Informed Consent, and any
measures taken to avoid Conflicts of Interest.
What are the Requirements for RICS Regulated Firms?
RICS firms must have effective systems and controls in place for the firm and employees to manage compliance regarding Conflicts of Interest.
These systems must be appropriate for the size and complexity of the firm.
What is Informed Consent?
Consent willingly given by a party who may be affected by a Conflict of Interest. The party must understand;
A. That there is a Conflict of Interest or significant risk
of a conflict of interest.
B. The facts known by the RICS member or firm
material to the Conflict of Interest.
C. What the Conflict of Interest may be.
D. The conflict of interest may affect the ability of the
RICS member or firm to act fully in the interests of
the client.
In what instance may Informed Consent be sought?
Where the RICS member or firm is satisfied that proceeding despite a conflict of interest is;
A. In the interest of all those who may be affected, and;
B. Is not prohibited by law, and that the conflict will not
prevent the member or firm from providing
competent and diligent advise to those who may be
affected.
What is an information barrier (or Chinese wall)?
The physical and/or electronic separation of individuals (or groups) within the same firm that prevents confidential information passing between them.
What is confidential information?
Confidentiality is a primary professional duty. The RICS Rules of Conduct expect a member to treat as confidential information relating to a client where the information becomes known as a result of that professional relationship and is not in the public domain.
What must RICS members or firm do with confidential information?
- RICS members and firms must maintain confidentiality of Confidential Information unless disclosure is required by law, or the member or firm concerned can demonstrate that the relevant party consented to the disclosure before it was made.
- Every RICS member must provide to every client all the information that is material to that client’s professional assignment of which the RICS member has knowledge.
What are the 3 types of Conflicts?
- Confidential Information Conflict
A conflict between the duty of an RICS member or firm to provide a client with all information material to the clients instruction (2.2), and the duty of that RICS member or firm to another client to keep that same information confidential (2.1). - Own Interest Conflict
A professional assignment conflicts with the interests of that same RICS member or firm. - Party Conflict
A professional assignment conflicts with a duty owed to another client or party in relation to the same or a related professional assignment.
What is RICS Rules of Conduct for Firms: Rule 9?
Professional Indemnity Insurance
What is the purpose of PII?
· To ensure that if the firm faces a claim, it is protected
from financial loss that it cannot meet from its own
resources.
· It protects the insured member or firm against the
consequences of its liability to pay damages to third
parties for breaches of professional duty that it
commits through professional services.
· Ensures the firms client’s do not suffer financial loss,
which the firm cannot meet.
What are the RICS PII Standards?
· An ‘each and every’ claim basis.
· RICS ‘minimum policy wording’ or comprehensive
working
· The minimum level of indemnity based on the firm’s
turnover in the previous year (or estimated for a new
firm).