Ethics - Module 6 Flashcards
means something that a person or a group believes has a value that merits being sought, promoted, or privileged.
Value
This can be a thing, state of mind, or behavior
Value
Universal values can be understood in two ways:
1) Something has universal value because everyone finds it important. 2) It could have universal value when all people have reason to believe it has value.
a concept that it is not obvious to define because a principle is connected with morality or ethics
Universal Value
It is difficult to transpose or apply to the level of the group
Universal Value
These need to be socially expressed
Universal Value
Characteristics of Universal value
has value, have reason to believe it has value, connected with morality or ethics, need to be socially expressed
He described values as, “conceptions of what is important that affect the way people choose action and evaluate events.”
S. H. Schwartz
What are the 10 value types accd to Schwartz?
Power, Achievement, Hedonism, Stimulation, Self-Direction, Universalism, Benevolence, Tradition, Conformity, Security
authority; leadership; dominance, social power, wealth
Power
success; capability; ambition; influence; intelligence; self-respec
Achievement
pleasure; enjoying life
Hedonism
daring activities; varied life; exciting life
Stimulation
creativity; freedom; independence; curiosity; choosing your own goals
Self-direction
broadmindedness; wisdom; social justice; equality; a world at peace; a world of beauty; unity with nature; protecting the environment; inner harmony
Universalism
helpfulness; honesty; forgiveness; loyalty; responsibility; friendship
Benevolence
accepting one’s portion in life; humility; devoutness; moderation
Tradition
self-discipline; obedience
Conformity
cleanliness; stability of social order; reciprocation of favors; health; sense of belonging
Security
Schwartz’ 11th possible universal value but found that it does not seem to be recognized in all cultures
Spirituality (goal of finding meaning in life)
he stressed this quotation, “The values of peace, freedom, social progress, equal rights and human dignity, enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, are no less valid today than when, over half a century ago, those documents were drafted by representatives of many different nations and cultures.”
Secretary-General Kofi Annan
In the Millenium Declaration, what are the fundamental values essential in international relations in the 21st Century?
freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respect for nature and shared responsibility.
Enumerate the Basic Universal Human Values
Happiness, Peace, Freedom, Safety, Intelligence, Respect, Equality, Justice, Nature, Health
it refers to good fortune; pleasure; contentment; joy
Happiness
states that, “Happiness or flourishing or living well is a complete and sufficient good”
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics
a freedom from disturbance; tranquility
Peace
It is a state or period in which there is no war or a war has ended.
Peace
A state of mutual harmony between people or groups, especially in personal relations
Peace
is the state of being free or at liberty
Freedom
freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury, danger, or loss.
Safety
a capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity
Intelligence
aptitude in grasping truths, relationships, facts, meanings, etc.
Intelligence
as a formal expression or gesture of greeting, esteem, or friendship
Respect
deference to a right, privilege, privileged position, or someone or something considered to have certain rights or privileges
Respect
proper acceptance or courtesy; acknowledgment
Respect
correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability
Equality
the quality of being just; righteousness, equitableness, or moral rightness:
Justice
the material world, especially as surrounding humankind and existing independently of human activities
Nature
the general condition of the body or mind with reference to soundness and vigor
Health
soundness of body or mind
Health
state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.
Dignity
It is the importance and value that a person has, that makes other people respect them or makes them respect themselves.
Dignity
It refers to bearing, conduct, or speech indicative of self-respect or appreciation of the formality or gravity of an occasion or situation
Dignity
It must be preserved so that the respect of others is maintained
Dignity
It provides, “The state recognizes the dignity of every human person and guaranteed full respect for human right.”
1987 Philippine Constitution Article 2 Section 11
