Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 2080 > Ethics & Legal Issues > Flashcards

Ethics & Legal Issues Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GRE® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the difference between ethics & law?

A

ethics

  • not produced by legislation
  • enforcement informal & complex (e.g disapproval)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An ethical psychologist should recognize the limits of their:

A

COMPETENCE (ethical use issues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Informed consent is generally always explicitly stated, except for when: (2)

A

1) it is implied (school tests)

2) legal reasons (criminals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ethically, the results of a test must be fully disclosed without disclosing:

A

TEST material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why shouldn’t test material be disclosed? (2)

A

1) test private property

2) make test useless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does PIPEDA (Personal Info Protection & Electronic Act) state about test results?

A
  • access to test can be denied if it means revealing info
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does OPHIA (ON Personal Health Info Act) state about test results?

A
  • right to see test don’t apply unless they are SEVERABLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the CPA (CDN Psych Association) say about test material disclosure?

A
  • test material NOT personal info therefore should not be released
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Test security is important because:

A

it protects test integrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is a test/test results revealed?

A

only to other professionals when necessary (TESTS CONFIDENTIAL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Even tho tests are automated in terms of scoring, they still need to be:

A

INTERPRETED by human psychologists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Should you report a child with an uncommon disorder as a child with a common disorder so they can get resources?

A

NO

  • *good intentions do not justify bad actions
  • trust in tests lost
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If the characteristic you are measuring is stable, the test will only be good for a limited amount of time. (T/F)

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If If the characteristic you are measuring is NOT stable, then what is needed?

A

A REASON for measuring it (e.g state anxiety)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Will the value of test results still be true next year?

A

NOT ALWAYS - ppl can acquire skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Can we decide if the best available test is good enough based solely on psychometric properties?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference b/w actuarial and clinical judgement? Which is a better predictor?

A

actuarial (stats/formulas) vs. clinical judgement (psychologist assessment)
*** actuarial better predictor

18
Q

Should we use actuarial OR clinical judgement?

A

BOTH - actuarial better but still need someone to take legal responsibility

19
Q

What are the drawbacks of actuarial judgement?

A
  • assessment not tailored to individual (vs. clinical)

- everyone with same test score gets same result

20
Q

What are the drawbacks of clinical judgement?

A
  • not comparative; more subjective

- sometimes ppl with same score do have same result (most times)

21
Q

Why is standardization a bad thing?

A

dehumanization

22
Q

Why is standardization a good thing?

A

can calculate probability

23
Q

Is psychology covered under OHIP? Why/why not?

A

NO - psychiatrists using clinical judgement to determine if it should be or not

24
Q

Why is graphology a bad test?

A

LOW validity
auto: r = 0.09 (less than 1%)
non-auto: r = 0.16 (2%)

vs. HIGH validity for (g) and structured interviews

25
Q

Why are results skewed for autobiographical writing analysis in graphology?

A

b/c gives info about person in content

26
Q

Which is more useful: autobiographical or non-autobiographical writing analysis in graphology?

A

NON AUTO but have least evidence for validity

27
Q

Why is TOEFL a bad test?

A

distorted picture of validity tests

28
Q

What is TOEFL and why is it used?

A

Test Of English as a Foreign Language, admission into CDN unis

29
Q

Which correlation studies does TOEFL ignore?

A

1) TOEFL scores vs. teacher’s rating on ability

2) TOEFL scores vs. oral inteviews

30
Q

What type of validity is looked at on the TOEFL and which is ignored?

A

concurrent validity (not predictive validity)

31
Q

What is concurrent validity?

A

when a test correlates well with a measure that has previously been validated

32
Q

How is criterion validity skewed in TOEFL?

A

compares with a parallel form of itself

33
Q

Why do native english speaker do better on the TOEFL in terms of construct validity?

A
  • more highly selected
  • no test anxiety
  • cut off score LOWER
34
Q

How can the TOEFL be improved according to Dr. Simmner?

A

1) do not make decision based solely on TOEFL
2) no rigid cutoffs
3) consider English lvl’s required for field of study
4) consider room for improvement in language skills (resources to improve)

35
Q

Why is the CPA code of ethics not a good guide?

A

vague

36
Q

What are the 4 principles on the CPA code of ethics?

A

1) Respect for the Dignity of Persons
2) Responsible Caring
3) Integrity in Relationships
4) Responsibility to Society

37
Q

What does the Respect for the Dignity of Persons state in the CPA code of ethics?

A
  • shouldn’t mess with ppls lives for own benefit
38
Q

What does Responsible Caring state in the CPA code of ethics?

A

only do such that will benefit & no harm (well obviously??)

39
Q

What does Integrity in Relationships state in the CPA code of ethics?

A

must always be open & straight forward (duh)

40
Q

What does Responsibility to Society state in the CPA code of ethics?

A

psychologists don’t have responsibility diff than other ppl

- sometimes sacrifice welfare of others to benefit others (welfare of ISIS?)

41
Q

What are the issues with the CPA’s caveat (warning)?

A
  • even with principles, psychologists faced with ethical dilemmas
  • this is when we would WANT a good code of ethics
  • think you are doing the right thing with a vague code (Death Camps)

Psych 2080 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions