Career Counselling Flashcards by Mere Hentschel

What changed that career counselling was created?

1) increase in agricultural equipment (needed less workers)
2) Industrial Revolution (workers needed in cities, left ancestral jobs)
3) immigrants (used to change)
4) roads (kids could get to school)

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What was the ultimate outcome of these changes (that lead to career counselling)?

1) increase in job variety (b.c increase education)

2) increase in value of selection right person

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Who was Frank Parsons?

Created the job of career counselling and trained the first counsellors

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What did Parsons compare when matching people to jobs?

Aptitude with skills

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What are 3 cautions of measuring vocational interests?

1) interests vs. abilities
2) clinical vs. actuarial
3) traits vs. situations (behaviour can be constrained by situation)

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Who was Edward Strong?

Created the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB)

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What are 2 major components of the SVIB?

1) measurable scale

2) criterion keying (compared interests with success of people in certain job field)

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What are the 3 scales of the SVIB?

1) basic interest (general)
2) occupational
3) 4 personal style (eg. work with people or not?)

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What were the strengths of the SVIB? (4)

validity/reliability
wide variety of interests
wide range of samples
diverse and rich w data

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What were the weaknesses of the SVIB? (2)

sex bias

- no psychological theory

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Who was David Campbell and what did he do?

Revised SVIB to create SCII (Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory)

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What did the SCII fix/add about the SVIB?

1) sex bias problem (items for men and women merged)

2) added a theory (Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice)

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What does Holland’s theory of vocational choice state?

interests express personality

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What are the 6 personality types of Holland’s theory? (and their nick names)

Realistic (Doer)
Investigative (thinker)
Artistic (creator)
Social (helper)
Enterprising (persuader)
Conventional (organizer)
(RIASEC)

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What are the 4 scores yielded by the SCII?

1) RIASEC
2) administration indexes
3) basic interests
4) occupational (compares)

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Which of Holland’s RIASEC codes do not like social interactions? (4)

1) realistic
2) investigative
3) artistic
4) conventional

Which of Holland’s RIASEC does DO like social interaction?

1) Social

2) conventional

What is the CISS?

Campbell’s Interest & Skill Survey (descendant of SCII)

What theory does the CISS use?

Holland’s RIASEC

What scales does the CISS use? (5)

1) orientation (occupational = RIASEC)
2) basic interest
3) occupational (specific jobs)
4) extroversion
5) academic focus (how successful ppl will be in an academic setting)

What does the CISS assess as well as interest?

SKILL (pursue, develop, explore, avoid)

Does the CISS have high reliability/validity?

YES

What is the SII?

Strong Interest Inventory (re-emergence of Strong)

What does the SII have that the previous tests didn’t?

5 pt Likert Scale

What scales does the SII use? (4)

1) general occupational themes (RIASEC) 2) Basic interest 3) occupational (compared to other ppl) 4) personal style

What are the 5 types of personal style on the Personal Style Scale of the SII?

1) work (ppl or ideas?) 2) learning style (doing vs. reading) 3) risk taking (quiet vs. thrill seeking) 4) leadership (by example or by yourself) 5) team orientation (alone vs. team)

What is the KOIS and what did it add?

Kuder Occupational Interest Survey, academic pursuits

What is a triad and on what test is used on?

KOIS - sets of 3 activities, says which most/least prefer

What scores are given on the KOIS? (3)

1) interest (*seperate norms for men and women) 2) occupational 3) college major scores

What are the pros of the KOIS?

- high reliability - stable test - good predictive validity - high self-efficacy in HS students

Who was Douglas Jackson and what test did he make?

UWO, Jackson Vocational Interest Survey (JVIS)

What types of questions does the JVIS use?

pairs of statements (forced choice)

What scores are used on the JVIS? (2)

1) basic interest (34 scores) | 2) general occupational themes (RIASEC)

Which test predicts university majors the most accurately?

JVIS

What are the pros of using the JVIS?

1) high internal consistency .70-.92 | 2) high test retest reliability (4-6 weeks) .69-.92

What is internal consistency?

correlation b/w diff items on same test

What are the issues about the JVIS? (3)

1) sex bias 2) interests vs. aptitudes (doesn't compare scores of how successful ppl were, just how happy) 3) development of person (ppl can learn on job)

REVIEW: What are the major features of each test/person? (6)

Parsons: compare aptitude w skills SVIB: scale; comparing success with interest SCII: Holland's theory (RIASEC) CISS: assess skills as well as interests SII: Likert scale, personal style KOIS: criterion keying about academic pursuits JVIS: interests matched to careers not people