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A Level Theology > Ethics III and IV > Flashcards

Ethics III and IV Flashcards

1
Q

Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham

Meta-ethical definition of good = utility

A

It is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong

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2
Q

Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham

What motivates us (meta-ethics)

A

Two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure

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3
Q

Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham

Determined by aggregate pleasures, no matter what they are

A

Pushpin is equal to poetry

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4
Q

Utilitarianism

J.S. Mill, Utilitarianism

Higher and lower pleasures

A

[better to be] Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisified

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5
Q

Utilitarianism

Jeremy Bentham

Rights

A

Nonsense upon stilts

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6
Q

Utilitarianism

Plato, Gorgias

Meta-ethics of Utilitarianism

A

Bad pleasure

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7
Q

Utilitarianism

J.S. Mill

Rule Utilitarianism & Hedonic Calculus response

A

Can seldom apply it truly except through the secondary principles

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8
Q

Meta-Ethics

F.H. Bradley, Ethical Studies

Ethical theory based on ‘geist’

A

To be moral is to live in accordance with the moral traidition of one’s country

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9
Q

Meta-Ethics

G.E. Moore, Principa Ethica

Intuitionism - good = non-natural

A

Good is good and that is the end of the matter

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10
Q

Meta-Ethics

G.E. Moore, Principa Ethica

Good = indefinable

A

A simple and indefinable quality

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11
Q

Meta-Ethics

A.J. Ayer, Language Truth and Logic

Ethical statements x3

A

Ethical statements are unverifiable and thus meaningless
Pure expressions of feeling
Pseudo concepts

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12
Q

Meta-Ethics

James Rachel

Against Emotivism

A

Moral judgements appeal to reason

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13
Q

Meta-Ethics

Mel Thompson

Against emotivism

A

You cannot reduce morality to a set of cheers and boos

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14
Q

Meta-Ethics

David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature

When you feel that soemthing is vice…

A

Find a sentiment of disapproval which arises in you

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15
Q

Business Ethics

Milton Friedman

Businesses are not moral agents

A

Only people can have moral responsibilities

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16
Q

Business Ethics

Milton Friedman

Shareholder Model

A

There is one and only one social responsiblilty of business… to increase its profits [while staying in the rules of the game]

17
Q

Business Ethics

Immanuel Kant

Utilitarianism

A

Serpentine Morality

18
Q

Business Ethics

Crane and Matten, Business Ethics

Utilitarianism

A

Comes close to what we know as cost-benefit analysis

19
Q

Business Ethics

National Centre for Policy Analysis

Businesses are by nature ethical

A

Better a lousy job than no job at all

20
Q

Business Ethics

R.C. Solomon (and Better Business Bureau)

Good Ethics is Good Business

A

An ethical business is more likely to prosper

21
Q

Business Ethics

Nicholas

Support for Kant

A

can never be merely an instrument valued just for their usefulness

22
Q

Business Ethics

Milton Friedman

CSR

A

Hypocritical window dressing

23
Q

Business Ethics

Edward Freeman

Stakeholder model

A

Should create value for customers, suppliers, employees, communities and financiers

24
Q

Euthanasia

Joseph Fletcher, Situation Ethics

Bible

A

Editorial collection of scattered sayings
[Only offers] Paradigms or suggestions

25
Q

Euthanasia

CCC

Views on euthanasia x2

A

[Active euthanasia] morally unacceptable
[Passive] can be legitimate

26
Q

Euthanasia

1 Samuel 31

Suicide not condemned unequivocally

A

[Saul and his armour bearer fall on their swords in battle]

27
Q

Euthanasia

Matthew 27:3-5

Suicide not condemnded unequivocally

A

[Judas Iscariot hangs himself]

28
Q

Euthanasia

Exodus 20:13

Strong sanctity of life

A

Thou shalt not murder

29
Q

Euthanasia

1 Corinthians 6:19

Strong sanctity of life

A

Your body is a temple of the holy spirit and was given to you by God

30
Q

Euthanasia

Evangelum Vitae

Result of Euthanasia

A

Culture of death

31
Q

Euthanasia

David Hume, Of Suicide

Suicide is acceptable

A

[Life can be] worse than annihilation
Such is our natural horror of death that small motives will never be able to reconcile us to it

A Level Theology (17 decks)

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