Ethics and End of Life

Question 1

What are some examples of ethical issues?

Answer 1

informed consent
confidentiality
withholding treatment
healthcare resource distribution
organ and tissue transplants

Question 2

Ethical decision making steps

Answer 2

Assessment
Develop plan
Implement/evaluate

Question 3

Value definition

Answer 3

personal belief about worth that acts as a guide to behavior

Question 4

Value system

Answer 4

entire framework on which actions are based

Question 5

Values clarification

Answer 5

people attempting to examine values they hold

Question 6

Moral development definition

Answer 6

a worldview and value system thru evolving; continuous

Question 7

Autonomy meaning

Answer 7

right to self determination concerning medical care

Question 8

Beneficence definition

Answer 8

do no harm
promote good of another person

Question 9

Nonmaleficence definition

Answer 9

not to intentionally inflict harm
abstain from judgment
remove harm

Question 10

Justice definition

Answer 10

fair distribution of health care resources

Question 11

Veracity definition

Answer 11

truthfulness to develop trust

Question 12

Fidelity definition

Answer 12

faithfulness to your commitment

Question 13

Confidentiality

Answer 13

respect for the right to control information

Question 14

What can nurses to do promote ethical decisions?

Answer 14

Advocate for patients
ethics consultation

Question 15

What are nurses involvement in ethics?

Answer 15

duty to treat
Do not abandon patients or their needs
transfer care properly

Question 16

3 critical care ethical issues

Answer 16

informed consent
life sustaining care
end of life

Question 17

What is an advanced directive?

Answer 17

communication about preferences for treatments if patient is incapacitated

Question 18

What are the kinds of advance directives?

Answer 18

DNR
Living will
what treatments they want or don’t want
who makes decisions

Question 19

What can nurses do to help at end of life?

Answer 19

alleviate distressing symptoms
Clear communication
emotional and psychological care
build trust

Question 20

How can nurses best communicate when doing end of life care?

Answer 20

provide clear ongoing honest communication
allow for family to express themselves
agree on treatment plan
emphasize that patient will not be abandoned
facilitate continuity of care

Question 21

What is palliative care?

Answer 21

designed to relieve symptoms that negatively affect patient or family
implemented with ALL PATIENTS not just dying ones
hygiene, skincare etc

Question 22

What is Hospice?

Answer 22

emphasizes comfort rather than cure
not a location
when aggressive interventions of withdrawn

Question 23

Palliative performance scale

Answer 23

a tool that identifies functional decline and scores it

Question 24

Karnofsky scale

Answer 24

Appropriate for patients with cancer diagnoses

Question 25

What kinds of treatments can be withdrawn?

Answer 25

Ventilator
vasopressor
nutritional
deactivation of ICD

Question 26

Interventions for end of life care

Answer 26

Ongoing assessment
IV benzos for anxiety
IV morphine
Nonjudgement
offer spiritual counseling
clear concise info
good listener