Burns

Question 1

First Degree burn Superficial characteristics

Answer 1

destruction of only epidermis
pink or red, painful
no open skin

Question 2

Second degree burn, superficial partial thickness characteristics

Answer 2

epidermis and some dermis
blisters, blanches, moist, pink, first layer of skin open

Question 3

Second degree burn, deep partial thickness characteristics

Answer 3

epidermis, most of dermis
pale, mottled, pearly red or white,
less painful
prolonged blanching

Question 4

Third degree full thickness characteristics

Answer 4

epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue
requires skin grafting
nonblanchable
thick leathery eschar, painless

Question 5

Fourth degree full thickness

Answer 5

muscle, tendon, bone
amputation
black, charred, bone may be visible

Question 6

What are some respiratory responses to a burn?

Answer 6

increased O2 demand
decreased lung compliance
hypoxemia

Question 7

What are some cardiac responses to a burn?

Answer 7

decreased contractility and CO
tachycardia
decreased BP

Question 8

What are some renal responses to a burn?

Answer 8

decreased renal blood flow
decreased urine output
increased risk of aki

Question 9

Name some hypotheses/potential problems for patients with burns.

Answer 9

insufficient airway clearance and decreased gas exchange
dehydration
hypothermia
decrease tissue perfusion
acute pain
risk for infection
weight loss
decreased mobility
decreased ability to cope

Question 10

Interventions for insufficient airway clearance and decreased gas exchange

Answer 10

assess resp rate, depth, and rhythm q hour
have pt perform deep breathing and coughing
administer oxygen
elevate HOB

Question 11

Interventions for dehydration

Answer 11

monitor urine output q hour
titrate fluid requirements
daily weight
monitor serum electrolytes