Ethics and deviance in sport

Question 1

Blood doping

Answer 1

increases RBC count
extra O2 can be transported to muscles
higher level of performance
removes 2 pints 
used by endurance athletes

Question 2

Performance enhancing drugs

Answer 2

Anabolic steroids: increase strength and aggression
Beta blockers: control heart rate
Stimulants: increase alertness

Question 3

Advantages of legal substances

Answer 3

dietary supplements build muscles, increase stamina, control weight
ergogenic aids claim to increase strength, performance and recovery
staying hydrated improves and aids performance

Question 4

Disadvantages of legal substances

Answer 4

Could be contaminated
Health implications eg creatine and cancer
energy drinks contain high sugar
Moral argument

Question 5

Why elite performers take drugs

Answer 5

pressure from coaches
internal pressure
political pressure- russian blood doping scandal
peer pressure

Question 6

Consequences of drug taking on society, sport and performer

Answer 6

Society: corrupt + unethical
Sporting: cheating, sports become tainted
Performer: damage health

Question 7

Strategies to stop use of doping and illegal drugs

Answer 7

WADA lists banned substances
Drug testing
Drug education
Punishments made worse (WADA doubled in 2015)

Question 8

Causes of violence in sport

Answer 8

desire to win
nature of activity 
frustration
drugs
media tension 
rivalry

Question 9

Implications of violence in sport- societal, sporting and performer implications

Answer 9

societal implications: bigger picture- sport is a reflection of society
sporting implications: rule changes need adopting
performer implications: education of performers is important- they are role models

Question 10

Strategies to prevent violence

Answer 10

education
punishments
law enforcement
CCTV

Question 11

Match fixing

Answer 11

when a sports competition is played to a pre-determined result- against the law