Ethics Flashcards
Ethics is the
science or philosophy of balancing values
Principles of Ethics: autonomy: beneficence non-maleficence justice
the right to self-determination
to benefit the patient
to do no harm to a patient
fair and equal treatment of patients
Speech pathology and ethical dilemmas: clinical management
-obligation of … v. obligation to ?
benefit (beneficence) vs. minimize unnecessary harm (non-maleficence)
Most ethical dilemmas occur because of: - -lack of -conflict regarding -goals of -different
uncertainty lack of clarity the medical facts therapy value systems
Clinical and ethical decision making model: four pieces of the model -medical -patient -quality -contextual
indications
preferences
of life
features
Medical indications: medical ? accurate accurate treatment
it is particularly important to differentiate ?
history
diagnosis
prognosis
treatment options
reversible from irreversible or progress deficits
Patient preferences: expressed ? ... values advance directives: living
durable power of
ability to ?
personal
self assessment of
preferences (verbal or written)
religious and personal values
will: a written request to forgo treatments in the even of a terminal or irreversible condition
attorney for healthcare: allows a patient to name someone to make decisions in their behalf should they lose capacity to make decisions
make and communicate decisions
personal history
quality of life
Quality of life:
external assessment of
subjective
who should ?
frequently the most difficult term to define because it is a ?
benefits and burdens
judgment
decide when the patient cannot?
subjective notion on what makes a person’s life worth living
Contextual features: economic family legal burdens on
insurance availability, cost
preferences
issues
caregivers
Medical indications and patient preferences are usually the basis on which ? and therefore are considered to be of ?
medical and ethical decisions are made
higher priority than quality of life and contextual features
When medical indications and patient preferences are clear, ethical conflicts rarely ? because a ?
arise/ well informed, competent adults has a right to refuse or accept a proposed recommendation
Decision making capacity: a person must be able to understand and ? understand each of the ? have the ability to? use ? in considering ?
interpret clinical information being presented
options for treatment or non-treatment and consequences of choice
make and communicate a choice
rational thought process/ personal values and experiences as they relate to the options being presented
competence:
legal term used by the courts to describe a persons’s overall ?
ability to manage their affairs, including financial, social and make clinical decisions
