Ethical theory and principles Flashcards
Who found utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham
John Mill
Explain utilitarianism
greatest good for the greatest number
Explain felicific calculus and who described it
Bentham
Thought that humans are governed by pleasure and pain and that it was possible to classify how good an action was by measuring how much pleasure or pain it brought
Is utilitarianism deontological or teleological?
Teleological
Explain the difference between teleological and deontological ethics
Teleontology - morality of an action is determined by the outcome of the action
Deontology - morality of an action is based on whether it adheres rules or duties
Is GMC deontological or teleological?
Deontological - duties of a doctor
Who is associated with deontology?
Kant
WHat did Kant argue?
That we can find out which moral rules to obey by using our powers of reason
By seeing whether our desires can be applied universally we can tell whether or not they follow rational moral principles
Explain the categorical imperative
Testing whether something is good by applying it universally
Explain virtue based ethics
Based on ethical characteristics of a person
Who introduced the idea of the four principles?
Tom Beauchamp
James Childress
Explain the term Prima facie and who introduced it
Introduced by English philosopher WD Ross
Principle is binding unless it conflicts with another moral principle
