ETC and OP Flashcards
Where does the ETC take place?
inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the role of the ETC and purpose?
Main inputs and outputs?
transfer electrons to produce electrochemical gradient, creating ATP for the OP
Input: NADH and FADH2
Output: H2O
What is the role of the protein complexes in the ETC?
move electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen
Role of mobile electron carriers?
Shuttle electrons between complexes
What is the relationship between the ETC and OP?
The ETC is coupled to OP because OP can not occur without the ETC.
As the ETC passes electrons along the chain, the protein complexes of the ETC allow H+ to move from the matrix into the intermembrane space.
OP relies on the H+ in the intermembrane space to move back into the matrix.
What is the final output of OP?
ATP
Describe the component of the ETC that allows the electrons to be passed between the complexes of the ETC
Mobile electron carriers are responsible for carrying electrons between the complexes
How much ATP is equivalent to 1NADH and 1FADH2?
1 NADH is equivalent to 2.5 ATP
1 FADH2 is equivalent to 1.5 ATP
How many NADH are made in each cycle of glycolysis? How much ATP will these NADH generate in the ETC/OP?
2 NADH are made in each glycolysis
However, these NADH are produced in the cytosol (location of glycolysis), so to enter the mitochondria to
start the ATP generation process they are first converted into FADH2.
Overall: 2 FADH2 are made = 3 ATP
What is the net yield of ATP from each glycolysis process?
Each glycolysis produces two ATP (net ATP)
Overall: 2 ATP = 2 ATP
What’s the net yield from ATP production?
30 ATP
Glycolysis (Net) = 2
2 NADH from Glycolysis (2 X1.5) = 3
Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA (2 NADH) = 5
First Acetyl CoA in CAC = 10 (3 NADH/ 1 FADH2/ 1 GTP)
Second Acetyl CoA in CAC = 10 (3 NADH/ 1 FADH2/ 1 GTP)
What’s the function of the protein complexes in the ETC?
Pass electrons along the ETC using redox reactions
These reactions opens up the H+ channels of the complexes allowing them to pump H+ from the matrix into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria
Main function of the mobile electron carriers?
The carriers accept electrons from one protein complex and the off-loaded them to another protein complex
What would happen in the absence of oxygen in the ETC?
Would stop as oxygen is the final electron acceptor
Purpose and main inputs and outputs of oxidative phosphorylation (OP)
Purpose: produce many ATP to power the cellular processes
Inputs: H+ and ADP
Output: many ATP
