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ETC Flashcards

1
Q

2 major coenzymes/ electron carriers from TCA

A

NADH

FADH2

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2
Q

4 Protein complexes

A

NADH-CoQ Reductase
Succinic-CoQ Reductase
Coenzyme Q - Cytochrome C Reductase
Cytochrome C Oxidase

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3
Q

2 major reactions of ETC

A

Oxidation

Reduction

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4
Q

Other intermediates involved in each complex

A

I - FMN & FeSP
II- FeSP
III- cytochrome a,b,c1,c3
IV- cytochrome b,c, Fe sites

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5
Q

Longest reaction

A

Complex i

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6
Q

How many redox reactions in complex I?

A

3

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7
Q

First oxidation reaction in complex i

A

NADH —-> NAD + 2H + 2e

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8
Q

First reduction in complex i

A

FMN + 2e + 2H ——> FMNH2

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9
Q

Second oxidation in complex i

A

FMNH2 —–> 2e + 2H + FMN

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10
Q

Second reduction in complex i

A

2e + Fe(III) SP —–> Fe(II) SP

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11
Q

Third oxidation in complex i

A

2 Fe (II) ——> 2 Fe (III) SP + 2e

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12
Q

Third reduction complex i

A

2e + 2H + CoQ —–> CoQH2

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13
Q

Number of units in complex i

A

40

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14
Q

Initial reactant complex i

A

NADH

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15
Q

Important constituents

A

2H

2e

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16
Q

Goes back to TCA

A

NAD

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17
Q

Goes back to matrix in form of solution

A

2H

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18
Q

Utilized again

A

Fe(III)SP

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19
Q

Shuttle molecule

Final recipient of 8e in NADH AND FADH2

A

CoQ

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20
Q

Number of redox reactions in complex II

A

2

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21
Q

First oxidation complex II

A

FADH2 ——> FAD + 2H + 2e

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22
Q

First reduction complex II

A

2e + 2Fe(III) SP ——> 2 Fe(II) SP

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23
Q

Second oxidation reaction complex II

A

2 Fe (II) SP —–> 2 Fe (III) SP + 2e + 2H

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24
Q

Second reduction complex II

A

2e + 2H + CoQ —–> CoQH2

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25
Q

Reactant/intermediary in Complex I,II,III

A

FeSP

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26
Q

Reduced coenzyme that shuttles e to complex III

Common product of complex I & II

A

CoQH2

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27
Q

Serve as proton pump

Alkaline

A

Complex I,III,IV

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28
Q

First oxidation complex III

A

CoQH2 —–> CoQ + 2H + 2e

29
Q

First reduction complex iii

A

2e + 2Fe ( III) SP —–> 2 Fe(II)SP

30
Q

2nd oxidation complex III

A

2Fe ( II) SP + 2H + 2e —–> Fe(III) SP +2H+2e

31
Q

Sequence of complex iii after second oxidation

A

FeSP-cyt b-FeSP-cytc1-cytc

32
Q

Oxidation state of FeSP in complex iii

33
Q

Oxidation state of iron in complex iii

34
Q

Heme containing protein

Contains iron

A

Cytochrome

35
Q

Abundantly found in hemoglobin (blood) and myoglobin (muscles)

Prevents e from interacting with oxygen

36
Q

Final product complex iii

37
Q

Changes oxidation intermediates (Fe (III) SP –> Fe(II)SP)

38
Q

Biochemical reactions in which the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed on the series of intermediates in which ultimately the molecular O2 binds with hydrogen to form water

39
Q

H in every ETC

40
Q

2 molecules acting as sites for electrons

41
Q

Covalently bonded with O2 to form H2O

42
Q

Where is H pumped

A

Intermembrane space

43
Q

Number of H pumped in complex i

44
Q

Number of H pumped in complex iii

45
Q

Number of H pumped in complex 4

46
Q

Synthesis of ATP

More protons outside than inside membrane

A

Proton pump

47
Q

Location of atp synthase

48
Q

Reaction to form ATP

A

ADP + Pi —> ATP

49
Q

Channel in ATP synthase

50
Q

Where energy is synthesized in ATP Synthase

51
Q

Importance of ATP

A

Oxidation of carbs, lipids, proteins

Cellular work:
Muscle contraction
Nutrient transport
Synthesis of essential compounds

52
Q

Number of moles of ATP Produced by 1 NADH

53
Q

Number of moles produced by 1 FADH2

54
Q

Number of moles of ATP produced by 1 GTP

55
Q

ATP Produced by NADH

56
Q

ATP produced by FADH2

57
Q

ATP produced by GTP

58
Q

Non ETC oxygen reaction

A

Reactive oxygen species

59
Q

O2 comes in contact with NADH

A

Superoxide free radical

60
Q

Reaction in superoxide free radical

A

O2 + NADH —> NADP + 2H + 2O2 (-)

2H + 2O2 ——–> H2O2 + O2
Superoxide dismutase

2H2O2 + O2 ——-> 2H2O + O2

61
Q

Cytochromes needed in Complex 4

62
Q

Final acceptor of e in ETC

63
Q

Lipid soluble

Can carry proton and e

A

Ubiquinone

64
Q

Electron carriers

A 
NADH
FADH2
CoQ
FeSP
Cytochrome
65
Q

Number of subunits complex II

66
Q

Number of subunits Complex IV

67
Q

Subunits in complex iii

68
Q

Pumped into inner motochondrial membrane

Creates electrochemical graduent
Possesses potential energy
Stored energy

A

Positive charge of H

Biochem (7 decks)

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