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ESWS > ESWS NAV > Flashcards

ESWS NAV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the duty of the Officer of the Deck (OOD)?

A

Overall in charge of ships maneuvering/evolutions when CO is not on the bridge.

CO stands for Commanding Officer.

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2
Q

What is the role of the Conning Officer?

A

In charge of giving steering/speed changes to Helmsman.

The Conning Officer plays a critical role in the navigation and control of the ship.

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3
Q

What are the responsibilities of the Boatswain’s Mate of the Watch (BMOW)?

A

Overall in charge of all enlisted bridge watch standers and ensures helmsman stays on course.

BMOW also serves as the 1MC Announcer IAW POD.

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4
Q

What does the Helmsman/Lee Helmsman do?

A

Steers the ship and controls speed changes.

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5
Q

What is the responsibility of Lookouts on the bridge?

A

Visually engaged on all Surface, Air contacts, and reports any visual sightings to CIC/Bridge via relative bearing and range.

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6
Q

What is the main duty of the Quartermaster of the Watch (QMOW)?

A

Ensures the ship stays on the intended track/timeline and maintains various logs.

QMOW is also the OOD’s right hand man in keeping the ship in safe waters.

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7
Q

What does the Shipping Officer do?

A

Responsible for hooking tracks and reporting all potential vessel traffic that may impact the safe passage of the ship to the CONN and OOD.

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8
Q

What is the role of the Piloting Officer?

A

Supervises the CIC Navigation Team to ensure accurate and prompt fixing and evaluation of the ship’s position.

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9
Q

What are the duties of the Navigation Plotter?

A

Maintains the navigation plot, enters fixes on the chart, evaluates ship’s projected movements, and makes recommendations.

The Plotter ensures vectors are set for a minimum of two fix intervals.

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10
Q

What do Bearing Takers do?

A

Obtain accurate bearings and provide them to the Bearing Book Recorder.

They compensate for known pelorus error.

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11
Q

Define Latitude.

A

Angular distance from the equator, measured northward or southward along a meridian from 0° at the equator to 90° at the poles.

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12
Q

Define Longitude.

A

Angular distance between the prime meridian and the meridian of a point on the Earth, measured eastward or westward from the prime meridian through 180°.

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13
Q

What is meant by ‘Set’ in navigation?

A

Direction ship is being pushed from Dead Reckoning to fix.

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14
Q

What does ‘Drift’ refer to in navigation?

A

Speed or velocity that ship is being pushed at from Dead Reckoning to Fix.

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15
Q

What does GMT stand for?

A

Coordinated Universal Standard Time, also known as Zulu time.

GMT is based out of Greenwich, England.

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16
Q

How many total time zones are there throughout the world?

A

25

Only the letter Juliet is not utilized in the time zones.

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17
Q

What is the effect of the Earth’s magnetic field on a ship’s compass called?

A

Variation

Variation is defined as the effect of the earth’s magnetic field on the ship’s compass.

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18
Q

What does deviation refer to in navigation?

A

Deviation

Deviation is the effect of the ship’s magnetic signature on the ship’s compass.

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19
Q

What system mitigates deviation on a ship?

A

Degaussing System

The Degaussing System is used onboard ships to mitigate deviation.

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20
Q

What is the IALA(A) buoyage system?

A

International Association Lighthouse Authority’s system for foreign countries

In IALA(A), all green buoys will be on the right-hand side (STBD) when returning to land from sea.

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21
Q

What is the IALA(B) buoyage system?

A

International Association Lighthouse Authority’s system for U.S. ports

In IALA(B), all red buoys will be on the right-hand side (STBD) when returning to land from sea (Red Right Returning).

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22
Q

What is the Cardinal System in buoyage?

A

A system best suited for coasts with numerous hazards

It indicates the approximate true bearing of the danger it marks.

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23
Q

What are Visual Fixes in navigation?

A

Using bearings to two or more objects

This method helps to determine the ship’s position.

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24
Q

What are Radar Fixes?

A

Computed using radar in the CIC

This method provides a way to ascertain the ship’s position.

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25
Q

What are Composite Fixes?

A

Utilizing both visual and radar fixes

This method combines different techniques to determine a ship’s position.

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26
Q

What are Celestial Fixes?

A

Using celestial bodies like the sun, stars, and moon

This method helps in obtaining a ship’s location.

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27
Q

What is Bathometric Navigation?

A

Using charted depth and the fathometer

This technique determines a ship’s assumed position based on underwater features.

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28
Q

What is the purpose of range/channel markings?

A

To visually tell where the ship is in a channel

These markers help in navigation within a fairway.

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29
Q

Define ‘advance’ in navigation.

A

The distance a vessel moves along its original course until the new course is reached

Advance is measured from the time the rudder is put over.

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30
Q

Define ‘transfer’ in navigation.

A

The distance a vessel moves perpendicular to its original course during a turn

Transfer is relevant in understanding ship maneuvers.

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31
Q

What is a pivot point in ship turning?

A

The point about which the ship rotates

The pivot point varies with circumstances and affects the direction of movement.

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32
Q

What is the definition of acceleration/deceleration?

A

A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force, and a body in motion will retain the motion unless acted upon by an external force.

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33
Q

What is meant by the turning circle of a ship?

A

The circle in which a ship will travel while executing a turn, with the diameter changing based on the speed at which the ship is traveling.

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34
Q

Define true bearing.

A

True North.

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35
Q

Define relative bearing.

A

Based as a 360 degree circle around HOWARD starting clockwise from the Bow.

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36
Q

What does DIW stand for?

A

Dead In Water, meaning the ship is sitting still in water with no speed or ordered course.

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37
Q

What does ‘head on’ refer to in maritime terms?

A

Two ships headed at each other.

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38
Q

What does ‘crossing’ mean in ship navigation?

A

Two ships at right angles that will cross each other’s path.

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39
Q

What does ‘overtaking’ mean in maritime navigation?

A

Passing another vessel from behind.

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40
Q

What is a ‘stand on’ vessel?

A

The ship that continues on its current course and speed due to having the right of way.

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41
Q

What does ‘give way’ mean in maritime navigation?

A

The ship that slows down or alters course to avoid collision with the stand on vessel.

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42
Q

Define collision in the context of maritime navigation.

A

A ship colliding with another vessel.

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43
Q

What does ‘aground’ mean?

A

A ship hitting the ocean bottom layer.

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44
Q

What are binoculars used for in ship handling?

A

Handheld sight glasses to enhance long-range vision.

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45
Q

What is a stadimeter?

A

An instrument utilized to find the distance of another vessel or object of known height.

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46
Q

What instrument is used for celestial observations?

A

Sextant

A sextant is a navigational instrument that measures the angle between two visible objects, primarily used in celestial navigation.

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47
Q

What is a bearing circle used for?

A

Finding true/relative bearings to objects

A bearing circle is placed on a compass repeater to determine the direction of objects relative to the vessel’s heading.

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48
Q

What does a telescopic alidade do?

A

Magnifies true/relative bearings to objects

This instrument is used in navigation to enhance the visibility of bearings for better accuracy.

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49
Q

What is the Voyage Management System (VMS)?

A

A system consisting of 6 nodes for navigating the ship

The VMS nodes are located in various positions: Pilot House, Chart Room, CIC, CO’s Stateroom, and pilot house connections.

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50
Q

List the locations of the VMS nodes.

A
  • Nav 1 - Pilot House at the chart table
  • Nav 2 - Chart room
  • Nav 3 - CIC at the chart table
  • Nav 4 - CO’s Stateroom
  • Conn 1 - Pilot house FWD STBD
  • Conn 2 - Pilot house FWD PORT
  • ENL - Pilot House to the right of the QMOW Station

Each node serves a specific function in navigation and positioning.

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51
Q

What does the ENL stand for?

A

Emergency Navigation Laptop

This device is used in critical situations to assist with navigation.

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52
Q

What does the Digital Advanced GPS Receiver (DAGR) provide?

A

Position inputs

The DAGR is essential for obtaining accurate location data for navigation.

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53
Q

What is a chart in navigation?

A

Paper chart of waterways throughout the world

Charts are crucial for safe navigation, providing details about water depths, hazards, and navigation routes.

54
Q

What does a gyrocompass provide?

A

True/relative headings

Gyrocompasses are essential for determining direction based on the Earth’s rotation rather than magnetic fields.

55
Q

What type of compass gives magnetic headings based on the current local variation?

A

Digital Fluxgate Magnetic compass

This compass accounts for local magnetic variations to provide accurate headings.

56
Q

What is the primary function of radar in navigation?

A

Collision avoidance

Radar systems such as SPS-67 and SPS-73 are vital for detecting obstacles and other vessels.

57
Q

What does a fathometer measure?

A

Water depth below the keel of the ship

The main controller for the fathometer is located in sonar control, providing crucial data for safe navigation.

58
Q

What does the Global Positioning System (GPS) provide?

A

Latitude/Longitude

GPS technology is fundamental for precise positioning and navigation on water.

59
Q

What is the purpose of a laser range finder?

A

Gives distance measurements

Laser range finders are used to determine the distance to various objects, enhancing navigational accuracy.

60
Q

What is the Integrated Bridge Navigation System?

A

System that includes all VMS nodes and steering monitors

This system integrates various navigation tools for comprehensive situational awareness.

61
Q

What does the Automatic Identification System (AIS) provide?

A

Ship’s name, description, location, course, and speed

AIS can both receive and transmit information, enhancing maritime safety.

62
Q

True or False: All navigational lights are white unless otherwise stated.

A

True

This standard helps in identifying the status of vessels at night.

63
Q

What lights are displayed when a vessel is underway?

A
  • FWD Masthead
  • AFT masthead
  • Stern
  • Port Running Light (red)
  • STBD Running Light (green)

These lights are crucial for visibility and safety during navigation.

64
Q

What lights indicate a vessel that is moored in port?

A
  • Aircraft warning light (red)
  • Jack staff
  • Flag staff
  • Waterline security lights

These lights ensure that the vessel is visible to other ships and aircraft.

65
Q

What lighting configuration is used when a vessel is engaged in special operations?

A

Three all-round lights in a vertical line with red on top and bottom, white in the middle

This configuration indicates restricted maneuverability.

66
Q

What does the light configuration for ‘man overboard’ look like?

A

Normal UW Lighting with pulsating red over red light on mast

This configuration signals an emergency situation.

67
Q

What does a red over red light on the mast signify?

A

Not under command

This indicates that the vessel cannot maneuver as required.

68
Q

Describe the lighting for a vessel that is anchored.

A

Same lights as in port

This is to ensure the vessel is visible to others while at anchor.

69
Q

What is the light configuration for a vessel that is aground?

A

In-port lighting and two all-round red lights in a vertical line

This indicates that the vessel is in distress and requires assistance.

70
Q

What is the light configuration for a vessel that is towing?

A
  • Two masthead lights in a vertical line
  • Sidelights
  • A stern light
  • A towing light in a vertical line above the stern light
  • Diamond shape when the tow exceeds 200 meters

This configuration helps other vessels understand the towing situation for safety.

71
Q

What day shape is used for a vessel at anchor?

A

Ball

This indicates that the vessel is not underway.

72
Q

What day shape is used for a vessel not under command?

A

Ball/Ball

This indicates the vessel cannot maneuver as required.

73
Q

What day shapes signify a vessel restricted in ability to maneuver?

A

Ball/Diamond/Ball

This indicates the vessel’s limited ability to move.

74
Q

What day shape is used for a vessel aground?

A

Ball/Ball/Ball

This indicates the vessel is stuck.

75
Q

What day shape indicates a vessel constrained by draft?

A

Cylinder

This indicates restrictions due to deep draft.

76
Q

What day shape is displayed when towing, and under what condition?

A

Diamond (only when tow exceeds 200 meters or tow is partly submerged)

This indicates towing operations with specific conditions.

77
Q

What day shape is used for minesweeping operations?

A

Ball on both yardarms and one ball center mast

This indicates a vessel engaged in minesweeping.

78
Q

What does the Code Alpha flag indicate?

A

Divers working over the side

This signals that divers are in the water.

79
Q

What is the meaning of the Bravo flag?

A

Refueling/ammunition handling

This indicates operations involving fuel or munitions.

80
Q

What does the Lima flag signify?

A

Hazards of Electro-Magnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO)

This alerts to potential radiation hazards.

81
Q

What does the Papa flag represent?

A

Personnel recall

This is used to signal personnel to return.

82
Q

What does the Mike flag indicate?

A

Movements - disregard my movements

This signals that other vessels should ignore the movements of the flagged vessel.

83
Q

What does the Oscar flag indicate?

A

Man Overboard

This signals an emergency situation requiring immediate assistance.

84
Q

What is the meaning of the Quebec flag?

A

Small boat recall

This signals the recall of small boats.

85
Q

What does the Romeo flag signify?

A

Replenishment at Sea

This indicates a vessel is engaged in replenishment operations.

86
Q

What does the Kilo flag represent?

A

Personnel working aloft

This indicates that personnel are working high up on the vessel.

87
Q

What does Kilo 1 signify?

A

Personnel working over the side

This indicates personnel are working on the sides of the vessel.

88
Q

What does Kilo 3 indicate?

A

Personnel working aloft and over the side

This indicates personnel are involved in both activities.

89
Q

What does the First Substitute flag mean?

A

Absence of flag officer or unit commander whose personal flag or command pennant is flying on this ship

This indicates the absence of a commanding officer.

90
Q

What does the Second Substitute flag signify?

A

Absence of chief of staff

This indicates that the chief of staff is not present.

91
Q

What does the Third Substitute flag indicate?

A

Absence of captain

This signals that the captain is not on board.

92
Q

What does the Fourth Substitute flag mean?

A

Absence of civil or military official whose flag is flying on this ship

This indicates the absence of an important official.

93
Q

What does the Hotel flag signify?

A

Helicopter operations

This indicates that helicopter operations are ongoing.

94
Q

What does the Code Hotel flag indicate?

A

Harbor pilot embarked

This signals that a harbor pilot is on board.

95
Q

What does the Foxtrot flag represent?

A

Fixed wing aircraft operations

This indicates that fixed wing aircraft operations are taking place.

96
Q

What does ‘r’ refer to in navigation ESWS notes?

A

Nesting/Preparing to moor alongside another ship in port

97
Q

What does ‘s’ signify in navigation ESWS notes?

A

Indefinite turn to starboard

98
Q

What does ‘t’ indicate in navigation ESWS notes?

A

Anchoring evolution in progress

99
Q

What does the ‘u’ represent in navigation ESWS notes?

A

Church services being held on board

Only flag authorized to be flown higher than the National Ensign.

100
Q

What is the duration of a Short Blast sound signal?

A

1 Second

101
Q

What is the duration of a Prolonged Blast sound signal?

A

4 to 6 Seconds

102
Q

What sound signal indicates a vessel operating in astern propulsion?

A

3 short blasts of ships whistle

103
Q

What sound signal should a power-driven vessel underway making way sound?

A

One prolonged blast at intervals not to exceed 2 minutes

104
Q

What sound signal should a power-driven vessel that is stopped and making no way sound?

A

Two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2 seconds between them

105
Q

What sound signal should a vessel not under command or restricted in her ability to maneuver sound?

A

1 Prolonged blast followed by 2 Short blasts

106
Q

What is the purpose of flags, pennants, and day shapes in visual communications?

A

Used to signal maneuvering intentions or restrictions

107
Q

What is the function of flashing light in visual communications?

A

Used to supplement sound signals and send messages encoded in Morse code

108
Q

What are flares or pyrotechnics commonly used for?

A

Distress signals

For example, a submarine executing an emergency surface will fire a green star flare signaling all vessels to steer clear.

109
Q

What is the purpose of Nancy/AN-SAT in visual communications?

A

Used to send Morse code messages covertly to other vessels

110
Q

What does falling barometric pressure usually indicate?

A

Weather is deteriorating (Bad Weather incoming)

111
Q

What actions should a ship take after receiving an adverse weather warning?

A

Change position and make best course and speed to avoid inclement weather

112
Q

What does a barometer measure?

A

Atmospheric pressure exerted to earth’s surface

113
Q

What is the function of a psychrometer?

A

Determines air temperature using dry bulb and wet bulb

114
Q

What are communication circuits used for on a ship?

A

Communications between two or more areas on the ship

115
Q

What is the purpose of a telltale panel?

A

Energizes/de-energizes UW Navigation Lights

116
Q

What is the primary function of the Voyage Management System (VMS)?

A

Electronic navigation for ships using electronic charts

VMS utilizes Digital Nautical Charts to depict navigational hazards and safe water.

117
Q

What does VMS provide regarding a ship’s navigation?

A

Current location, course/speed/set and drift, magnetic variation, true winds, relative winds, ship’s track line, Plan of Intended Movement (PIM) data

These data points are essential for safe navigation and maneuvering.

118
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Golf’ indicate?

A

Guide ship. Stays on current course and speed

This signal is used by the delivery ship.

119
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Romeo at the dip’ signify?

A

We are making preparations to come alongside

120
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Romeo close up’ mean?

A

Making approach to delivery ship

121
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Romeo hauled down’ indicate?

A

Messenger in hand. Shot line shot over

The messenger is attached to the shot line for heaving operations.

122
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Prep at the dip’ mean?

A

15 Minute standby of completion at final station

123
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Prep close up’ indicate?

A

5 minute standby of completion at final station

124
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Prep hauled down’ signify?

A

All lines clear and making our breakaway from delivery ship

125
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Bravo at the dip’ mean?

A

Pause in refueling

126
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Bravo close up’ indicate?

A

Refueling in progress

127
Q

What does the UNREP flag hoist signal ‘Bravo hauled down’ signify?

A

Refueling completed

128
Q

Define ‘swing circle’

A

The swing circle’s radius is equal to the sum of the ship’s length and the scope of the anchor chain released

This represents the maximum arc through which a ship can swing while riding at anchor if the anchor holds.

129
Q

Define ‘drag circle’

A

The drag circle’s radius equals the sum of the hawsepipe to pelorus distance and the scope of the chain released

130
Q

What is transit passage?

A

Applies to straits which are used for international navigation between one part of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone and another part of the high seas or an exclusive economic zone.

Transit passage allows for ships to navigate through straits without interference.

131
Q

What is innocent passage?

A

Passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of the coastal State.

Innocent passage permits ships to pass through territorial waters without causing harm.

ESWS (15 decks)

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