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exam prep reviews!!<3 > Esthetics review sophomore > Flashcards

Esthetics review sophomore Flashcards

1
Q

List + describe the 3 common bacteria types.

A

Cocci: spherical or round shaped
Bacilli: bar/rod shaped
Spirilla: spiral, coil, corkscrew.

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2
Q

What’s the purpose of efficacy label?

A

Label that explains effectiveness of a substance + include all info of it.

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3
Q

What is the largest bone of the facial skeleton?

A

Mandible/ lower jaw bone.

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4
Q

List 9 bones of the facial skeleton affected by facial massage.

A

-mandible
-2 maxillae
-2 zygomatic
-2 lacriminal
-2 nasal

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5
Q

Which muscle controls the eyebrows by drawing them in and downward?

A

Corrugator supercilli

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6
Q

What term describes a material that allows electric current to flow through it?

A

Conductor.

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7
Q

Define the following:
A) rectifier
B) converter

A

Rectifier: electrical device to convert AC(alternative current) to DC(direct current) by allowing electrical flow in one direction.
Converter: Electrical device that changes DC to AC.

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8
Q

When too many appliances are put on one circuit and operated at the same time a/n________occurs.

A

Electrical current overload.

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9
Q

Name the two types of shock and describe them:

A

Local shock: electricity passes through small part of body,cause burn + muscle contraptions.
General shock: electricity pass through nervous system.

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10
Q

What term means having opposite poles in an electric current?

A

Polarity

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11
Q

What other 2 terms are used for high frequency which is an alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltages to create heat?

A

Tesla current or Violet ray

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12
Q

What is the term used to describe the electrode held by the client during a Galvanic current treatment?

A

Inactive electrode.

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13
Q

A type of electrotherapy treatment that is an alternating current that produces a mechanical effect but penetrates more deeply than faradic current is known as:

A

Sinosoidal current.

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14
Q

Who wears protective eyewear during UV light therapy treatments?

A

Esthetician + client.

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15
Q

Which of the 3 wavelengths of ultraviolet rays are most frequently used in tanning beds, and are considered the longest because they travel from the sun, and can penetrate the atmosphere to reach the Earth?

A

UVA.

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16
Q

When analyzing skin with a wood’s lamp, what color indicates pigmentations, dark spots &/or sun damage?

A

Brown

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17
Q

When analyzing the skin using the woods lamp, which colors indicates dehydration and which colors indicates oily skin with clogged pores?

A

1-light violet
2-yellow,pink,orange.

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18
Q

Which skin care equipment combines an elaborate magnifying mirror with a black light, allowing the aesthetician and client to view the skin simultaneously?

A

Skin scope, derma scope, skin scanner.

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19
Q

What type of water is used in a facial vaporizer to prevent mineral build-up?

A

Distilled or filtered water.

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20
Q

Define enzymes:

A

Ingredient designed to dissolve keratin proteins on surface skin materials that break down and dissolve, larger molecules into smaller ones.

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21
Q

Define pH:

A

Unit of measurement, indicates substance, acidic, or alkaline potential hydrogen.

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22
Q

What is the pH of the skin?

A

4.5 to 5.5

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23
Q

What are thickeners and viscosity modifiers?

A

Thickeners: increases density and emulsion of gel type products.
Viscosity: how thick some things consistency is, cellulose, natural gum.

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24
Q

Define coloring agents:

A

Vegetable, mineral, or pigment dye, added to products to enhance their appearance.

25
Q

Ingredients that may block or clog pores, and contribute to pimples are described as:

A

Comedogenic

26
Q

Define antioxidants and antibacterial as they relate to cosmetic ingredients, and give an example of each:

A

Antioxidant: prevent skin inflammation, and damage due to free radicals.
Antibacterial: destroy bacteria that cause undesirable effects.

27
Q

The toughest layer of the epidermis is called the:

A

Stratum corneum

28
Q

List the five layers of the epidermis:

A

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum Spinosum, stratum germinativum.

29
Q

Describe mitosis and explain which layer of the epidermis contains basal cells for mitosis.

A

Cell division- reproduce by dividing in half.
(Strat. Germiativum)

30
Q

Which type of cells, found in the stratum germinativum gives skin its color?

A

Melanocytes.

31
Q

Which layer of the dermis is the lowest layer and comes into direct contact with the subcutaneous layer? Which fibers of the dermis provides skin its strength and flexibility by running in all directions and extend into the subcutaneous layer?

A

Reticular dermis,
Collagen and elastin.

32
Q

What are other names for the subcutaneous layer found below the dermis layer?

A

Subdermis,
Subcutis.

33
Q

Define a papule:

A

Small elevation of skin, inflamed, no pus

34
Q

Describe the primary lesion known as a vesicle:

A

Blister

35
Q

Define the following secondary lesions:
Ulcer, fissure, excoriation,crust, herpes simplex

A

Ulcer: Open lesions, lost parts of dermis, may have pus.
Fissure: crack or line and skin, chapped lips.
Excoriation: mechanical abrasion of the skin, insect bites, scrubs acne breakout thats scratched.
Crust: dead mass remains of oozing sore, ”scab”.
Herpes simplex: contagious viral infection blister like outbreak.

36
Q

Hereditary rash or an inflammation of the skin, characterized by dry, sensitive irritated skin due to sensitivity to the environment is also called:

A

Atopic dermatitis

37
Q

Describe Impetigo:

A

Highly contagious bacteria caused by staphylococcus.

38
Q

The medical term for the vegetable parasite, ringworm is:

A

Tinea

39
Q

Another name for dry skin caused by reduced sebum production is:

A

Asteatosis or xerosis

40
Q

What is the difference between a carbuncle and a furuncle?

A

Carbuncle: group of boils.
Furuncle: boil of one hair follicle.

41
Q

Define the following sebaceous disorders:
steatoma, asteatosis, seborrhea

A

Steatoma: cyst filled with sebum.
Asteatosis: dry scaly skin reduced sebum.
Seborrhea: oily skin over production of sebum.

42
Q

Define a blackhead and give the technical term used for it.

A

Open follicle with one black plug because oxidized comedo.

43
Q

What is bromidosis?

A

Foul smelling sweat

44
Q

What is the difference between hyperhidrosis and anihidrosis?

A

Hyperhidrosis: over production of sweat
Anihidrosis: under production of sweat.

45
Q

Define malaria rubra:

A

Acute burning, itching rash caused by excessive heat, “prickly heat”.

46
Q

What are the following pigmentation disorders?

A

Vitiligo: White patches caused by lack of pigment in melanin cells.
Nevus: birthmark or congenital mole.
Lentigo: yellowish/brownish spot on skin(follicle).
Leukoderma: congenital disorder skin lacks pigment, white spots.

47
Q

The term describing the skins natural aging process which is affected by genetic composition of skin and color inherited from one’s parents is called:

A

Intrinsic aging.

48
Q

What type of aging is caused by external factors like sun exposure, smoking and alcohol consumption?

A

Extrinsic aging.

49
Q

The lifecycle of hair consists of three stages. Which is first and the longest? Which is a short transitional stage? Which is the last stage when hair is shed and the follicle rests?

A

Anagen- 1st + longest
Catagen- short transitional stage
Telogen- last + hair shed.

50
Q

How are hyper trichosis and hirsutism similar and how are they different?

A

Both overproduction of hair,
Hypertrichosis: occurs anywhere men + women
Hirtuisim: woman grows hair like man.

51
Q

What is the difference between cilia and supercilia?

A

Cilia- eyelash hair.
Supercilia- eyebrow hair.

52
Q

List the 6 methods of temporary hair removal:

A

Shaving, waxing, threading, chemical, tweezing, and sugaring.

53
Q

Because hair can be removed quickly and easily from large areas utilizing this type of wax, the majority of professional waxing services are performed with:

A

Soft wax.

54
Q

What type of wax is used for the majority of professional waxing services because hair removal can be accomplished quickly especially on larger areas:

A

Soft wax. (Idk why the same question is repeated twice.)

55
Q

List the three methods of electrolysis is that utilize electrical current:

A

Galvanic, thermolysis, and blend of both.

56
Q

A make up technique that uses dark colors to recede, define, or diminish features or areas is called:

A

Contouring, or shading.

57
Q

What do we call the make up technique that enhances features making them appear larger and more prominent?

A

Highlighting.

58
Q

With the goal to create balance and the illusion of an oval, where should you apply contour and or highlighter to the face shapes listed below:
Square, Oblong, diamond

A

Square: shading below cheek blend toward center of jawline reduce width.
Oblong: under chin and horizontally at hairline and temples highlight side to add width.
Diamond: Contour cheekbones to minimize width and highlight jaw and for head.

59
Q

What type of foundation is generally prefered because it offers sheer, natural coverage and blends easily?

A

Liquid.

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