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Summer:Final Exam Questions > Essentials of Sonography and Patient care > Flashcards

Essentials of Sonography and Patient care Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

The best way to manage WRMSD’s is

A

Prevention

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2
Q

The first step in treating WRMSD’s is

A

identifying the cause

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3
Q

Advances in technology in the field of ultrasound have contributed to an increased incidence of WRMSD’s because

A

Sonographers can perform more exams in less time

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4
Q

One key to WRMSD prevention is

A

Upper extremity exercises

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5
Q

Who can contribute to the reduction in WRMSD’s in Sonography?

A

Employers

Sonographers

Equipment manufacturers

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6
Q

Name 3 ways, before you start your patient exam, you can improve your work station to prevent WRMSD’s

A

Make sure your chair is adjusted to the correct height

Adjust the machine(screen is correct height, machine is close enough to you)

Make sure the exam table is close enough to you

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7
Q

Name 3 ways, after placing your patient on the exam table, you can prevent WRMSD’s

A

Adjust the exam table so that it is at the correct height

Support the arm that is holding the transducer

Move your body in one fluid motion, don’t twist and turn, and strain yourself

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8
Q

Name 4 things you can do as a student sonographer to reduce stress for yourself.

A

Get enough sleep

Exercise

Go out to the movies

Go out to dinner

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9
Q

Earning RDMS credential means you are a:

A

Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer

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10
Q

What does RVT credential mean?

A

Registered Vascular Technologist

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11
Q

What does RT credential mean?

A

Registered Radiologic Technologist

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12
Q

What does RDCS credential mean?

A

Registered Diagnostic Medical Echocardiographer

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13
Q

Name 3 ethical concepts

A

Sonographers must be aware of and sensitive to ethical dilemmas

Sonographers must respect a patient’s right to make his/her own decisions

Sonographers must protect their patient’s right to privacy

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14
Q

Name 3 values

A

Concepts

Goals

Ideals

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15
Q

Nondiagnostic uses of ultrasound means:

A

Using ultrasound for entertainment purposes

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16
Q

Confidentiality includes:

A

HIPPA

Patients have a right to their privacy

Exam history is taken in private

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17
Q

Competency includes:

A

Sonographers have an ethical obligation to perform a complete exam

Obtaining continuing education and thorough training to ensure that your level is maintained

Provides the interpreting physician with accurate, reliable information

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18
Q

Professional disclosure means:

A

Sharing a suspect or known drug/alcohol impairment of a coworker

Sonographers should bring to the attention of the interpreting physician if there is an error in the exam due to faulty equipment

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19
Q

Professionalism means

A

Being involved in and worthy of the high standards of a profession

Based on integrity, honesty, and compassion

Being aware of patient behaviors, patient interactions, and the standards of conduct as well as developing technical knowledge and skills

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20
Q

Sonographers should always do all of the following:

A

Explain the ultrasound exam thoroughly to the patient and ask if there are any questions

Take a good history before starting the exam

Walk patients out of the department once their exam is finished so they do not get lost

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21
Q

Battery pertains to an injury to the patient during an exam

A

True

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22
Q

Negligence pertains to performing an exam “below the standard of care”

A

True

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23
Q

Do Not perform sonography procedures that you have not been taught

A

True

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24
Q

Do Not thoroughly explain the procedure to the patient as it wastes time

A

False

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25
Do not work with extreme care to avoid causing injury to the patient
False
26
Always use common sense and good judgement
True
27
Treat patients like you would want yourself treated
True
28
Always practice within the limits of your abilities and as taught
True
29
Always maintain records and documents of the procedures performed
True
30
Standard of care refers to the way a reasonable and prudent sonographer would act under the same conditions
True
31
An expert witness can be used in a court of law pertaining to the standard of care
True
32
The best protection against legal jeopardy is to practice sonography in a safe, ethical, and competent manner
True
33
SPTA intensities of \<1 W/cm has shown no bio effects
True
34
AIUM has issued official statements on bio effects
True
35
A preliminary report is okay, as long as a diagnosis is not made
True
36
A sonographer is not liable if he/she uses a technique that creates an image that looks like pathology, but is not
True
37
It is important for sonographers to scan following the protocols set by AIUM, ACR, and department standards
True
38
Define standard of care
Treating each patient in the same manner as any other sonographer would
39
Who sets such Standards of Care?
the hospital or doctor's office have Standards of Care
40
Give two ways sonographers show their competency
Sonographers continue to train and earn certifications, and they provide radiologists with correct information based on what they are scanning
41
Describe what battery is and give one example
Battery is when a person is hurt physically. This can occur if the sonographer lets the patient fall off the bed.
42
Describe what Negligence is and give one example
Negligence is performing an exam below the standard of care
43
Describe what values are
Values are our beliefs, goals, and ideals. They can change as we get older.
44
Name 3 ways valuesare formed and produced instilled in people
Values are formed by our family, friends, and coworkers
45
Describe how you would handle a patient who was being scanned for fetal age, so they could have an abortion, or a patient about to undergo selective termination
I would not express my feelings or views on the subject. I would complete the exam to the best of my abilities.
46
Describe confidentiality and name 3 ways to assure this for your patient
Confidentiality is the protection of a patient's personal information. Ways to assure that are taking the patient's history in private, making sure a patient's files are put away, and keeping the screensaver on the shortest time setting.
47
Ways patients respond to illness
Anger Anxiety Frustration and Helplessness Grief Guilt Depression Dependency Suspicion
48
Name 3 important vital signs
Pulse ## Footnote Respiration Blood Pressure
49
Substances that cause arrhythmia
coffee, tea, tobacco, certain drugs
50
What is the normal range for adult's average heart rate
60-100bpm
51
Is heart rate increased or decreased in fetuses?
increased
52
Is heart rate increased or decreased in athletes?
decreased
53
Is blood pressure increased or decreased in hemorrhaging patients?
decreased
54
Is blood pressure increased or decreased in patients with peripheral arterial vascular disease in the legs?
decreased
55
What is dyspnea?
difficulty breathing
56
Patient rights
right to their privacy high quality hospital care clean safe environment involvement in their care(right to see their charts) help when leaving the hospital help with their billing claims to end a procedure
57
While scanning pregnant patients, their blood pressure may drop ant the patient would become very nauseated and lightheaded. Why is this?
The fetus puts pressure on the IVC.
58
What is cavitation?
Cavitation is the formation of bubbles inside the soft tissue of the body from the transducer.
59
How does the sonographer control cavitation?
by adjusting the output power
60
How does the sonographer assure the ultrasound machine is working correctly and accurately?
through the use of Phantoms
61
Types of invasive ultrasound procedures that sonographers may assist in
Liver biopsies ## Footnote Thorocentesis Paracentesis Breast core biopsies Breast cyst aspirations Breast needle localizations Fine needle thyroid aspirations Hip aspirations PICC line insertions Perma Cath insertions
62
Describe what a Time-out is
After the procedure is completely set up, a Time-out is called. The Time-out gives everyone a chance to make sure the right patient is in the room, the correct procedure is being done, and the patient gives permission to proceed with said procedure.
63
Who is involved in a time-out?
Radiologist, sonographer, nurse, patient
64
What are universal precautions?
Precautions that are used for every patient, every time
65
Describe proper hand washing technique
Wash hands thoroughly with soap for 20 seconds
66
Name 4 instances you should wash your hands
come in contact with blood after removing gloves before you see a patient come in contact with other bodily fluids
67
Name 5 common work related injuries
low back pain tension neck syndrome tendonitis carpal tunnel syndrome trigger finger
68
Name 5 ways or equipment to reduce work related injuries
frequent rest staying in good physical shape staying at a healthy body weight erogonomic scan chairs rest arms on bolsters/cushions
69
What is the 20/20/20 rule?
For every 20min of scanning look 20ft away for 20sec. OSHA recommends 10min break for every 2hr scanning
70
name 3 environmental stresses
Lighting Air quality Overcrowding
71
Common workplace stresses
conflict role ambiguity role overload nonparticipation underutilization resource inadequacy
72
What is internally generated stress?
Stress that we cause ourselves
73
Ways to reduce internally generated stress
positive attitude getting extra sleep regular exercise talking with coworkers, professional massage, favorite treat, movie, etc
74
What is burnout?
Chronic work related stress (no motivation, decreased job performance, don't even want to go to work)
75
ways to prevent burnout
change in shifts possible change of location change of job duties
76
What is compassion fatigue?
no longer care about your patients anymore
77
What is the difference between compassion fatigue and burnout?
The ways to combat burnout will not work for compassion fatigue. The sonographer needs to change their perspective on the needs he/she tries to meet
78
Symptoms of compassion fatigue
conflicted feelings about loyalty to patients vs departmental policies constantly thinking of work problems at work physical/mental exhaustion anger frustration feelings of isolation and hopelessness
79
Carpal tunnel syndrome results from
pressure on the median nerve
80
A type of WRMSD most commonly seen in cardia scanning is
cubital tunel syndrome
81
The major types of work activities that cause WRMSDs in sonographers are
Repetitive motions, forceful exertion, and awkward postures
82
A type of WRMSD most commonly seen in abdominal scanning is
Bursitis
83
Those sonographers at highest risk for developing WRMDSs are those who
do the same type of exams during a work day
84
The best way to manage WRMSDs is
prevention
85
The first step in treating WRMSDs is
identifying the cause
86
The three areas of the body most often affected by WRMSDs in sonographers are
shoulder, neck, and wrist
87
Advances in technology in the field of ultrasound have contributed to an increased incidence of WRMSDs because
sonographers can perform more exams in less time
88
One key to WRMSD prevention is
upper extremity exercises
89
Who can contribute to the reduction in WRMSDs in sonography?
employers sonographers equipment manufactures
90
What is the incidence of WRMSDs according to the 1997 SDMS survey
80%
91
What is the incidence of career ending injury?
20%
92
How long has the problem of WRMSDs among sonographers been a subject of study?
21yrs
93
Name 5 ways, before you start your patient exam, you can improve your work station to prevent WRMSD's
Adjust your chair adjust the machine make sure exam table is close enough to you have extra towels nearby use good posture
94
Name 5 ways, after placing your patient on your exam table, you can prevent WRMSDs
adjust the exam table position the patient closer to you support arm mave your body in one fluid motion, don't twist and turn and strain yourself take mini breaks
95
Name 5 things you can do to make your patient as comfortable as possible during their exam
make sure the room is a comfortable temperature provide blankets have pillows/sponges available to place under the patient explain the procedure to the patient ask them if there is anything else I can do for you
96
Name 5 things you can do to reduce stress for yourself
adequate rest good nutrition get a massage go out with a friend read a book

Summer:Final Exam Questions (3 decks)

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