Essentials Flashcards

1
Q

Emancipation of the serfs was in…

A

1861

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2
Q

The French Revolution was in…

A

1789

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3
Q

The Okhrana was…

A

The secret police until 1917

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4
Q

An enlightened despot…

A

Uses power in a good way

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5
Q

The Crimean war was between…

A

1853-56

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6
Q

Alex II ruled from…

A

1855-81

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7
Q

Alex II was nicknamed…

A

The tsar liberator

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8
Q

Alex III ruled between…

A

1881-94

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9
Q

Nick II ruled between…

A

1894-1917

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10
Q

Lenin ruled between…

A

1917-24

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11
Q

Stalin ruled between…

A

1927-53

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12
Q

Khrushchev ruled between…

A

1956-64

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13
Q

How many riots were there in the first year of the emancipation edict?

A

647

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14
Q

How many serfs were freed in the emancipation edict?

A

50 million

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15
Q

Who collected redemption payments?

A

The Mir

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16
Q

When was the Zemstva created?

A

1864

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17
Q

How many university students under Alex II?

A

Rose from 3,600 to 10,000

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18
Q

The Peoples Will’s name in Russian?

A

The Narodnaya Volya

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19
Q

Who assassinated Alex II?

A

Hessia Helfman

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20
Q

What was Alex III called?

A

The Tsar Repressor

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21
Q

What date was the statute concerning measures for the protection of state security and social order?

A

1881

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22
Q

How many political executions under Alex III?

A

44

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23
Q

How many decrees against Jews in 1881?

A

600

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24
Q

Gold standard introduced?

A

1897

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25
Q

Increase per annum in the 1890s?

A

8%

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26
Q

Famines under Alex III?

A

1891

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27
Q

Famines under Nick II?

A

1897

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28
Q

What did Alex III do to university fees?

A

x4

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29
Q

Who was Plehve?

A

Interior minister, Russification

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30
Q

When was Kishinev?

A

1903

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31
Q

How many were killed at Kishinev?

A

49

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32
Q

Dates of the Russo-Japanese war?

A

1905

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33
Q

Number of factories in 1908?

A

22,600

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34
Q

How many proletarians in 1908?

A

2.5 million

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35
Q

How many strikes in 1905?

A

13,995

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36
Q

When was Bloody Sunday?

A

1905

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37
Q

How many killed and injured on Bloody Sunday?

A

200 killed, 800 injured

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38
Q

What did the October manifesto promise?

A

A Duma, new freedoms, etc.

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39
Q

When were redemption payments halved and removed?

A

Halved in 1906, removed in 1907

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40
Q

How many relocated under the Wager on the Strong?

A

3.5 million

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41
Q

How many were killed by Stolypin’s necktie?

A

2500

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42
Q

What was the third Duma like?

A

More reactionary and autocratic, they shrunk the franchise etc.

43
Q

What percentage of children of peasants and workers were at university in 1914?

A

15-39%

44
Q

Who betrayed the revolution to the press but were forgiven by Lenin?

A

Zinoviev and Kamiev

45
Q

Who was in charge of women’s policy under Lenin?

A

Kollantai

46
Q

What countries were given self determination under Lenin?

A

Poland, Ukraine, the Baltic States etc.

47
Q

What happened to industry and banks under Lenin?

A

Nationalised

48
Q

How many troops from capitalist countries came into Russia during the civil war?

A

200,000 troops from 14 nations

49
Q

There was an assassination attempt on Lenin in…

A

August 1918

50
Q

How many died in the civil war?

A

10,000,000

51
Q

Who were allowed in the Komsomol?

A

15-23 year olds

52
Q

Who were allowed in the Young Pioneers?

A

8-15 year olds

53
Q

How many years universal education was there under Lenin?

A

9 years

54
Q

What was the great turn?

A

Stalin abandoning the NEP for the FYPs (1928)

55
Q

When was collectivisation?

A

1927-34

56
Q

What was dekulakisation?

A

1929-31: quotas of kulaks to find in each region

57
Q

Who were the OGPU?

A

Stalins secret police

58
Q

Who were the 25000ers?

A

Urban party activists who helped revolutionise the countryside during collectivisation

59
Q

When was the Holdomor?

A

1932-4

60
Q

How many killed in the Holodomor?

A

7.5 million

61
Q

How many kulaks had been deported to Siberia or labour camps by the end of collectivisation?

A

10 million

62
Q

When was the most intense part of the purges and what was it called?

A

Yezhovshchina - 1937-38

63
Q

The great purge was between…

A

1934-9

64
Q

The 1st FYP was between…

A

1928-32

65
Q

The 2nd FYP was between…

A

1933-37

66
Q

The 3rd FYP was between…

A

1938-41

67
Q

When were the three good years?

A

1934-6

68
Q

What happened during the three good years?

A

Pressure wasn’t so intense, food rationing ended, more disposable income

69
Q

What percentage of the Leningrad workforce were women in 1935?

A

44%

70
Q

What was the quicksand society?2

A

The FYPs created a transient society so workers were allowed to move freely between jobs, contributing to a destabilising effect of high labour turnover

71
Q

When was the Stakhanovite movement?

A

1935

72
Q

By how much did electric power increase between 1913-40?

A

25x increase

73
Q

Increase of coal production under the FYPs?

A

5x increase

74
Q

Increase in iron and steel production under Alex II?

A

3x increase

75
Q

Under the FYPs vodka production sunk by…

A

2/3

76
Q

Who was Pavlik Morozov?

A

Young Pioneer martyr and soviet hero who’d denounced his father in 1932

77
Q

The law of the seventh-eights?

A

1932: 10 year sentence for stealing socialised property, eg corn, which was later changed to a death sentence

78
Q

When was the ryutin platform written?

A

1932

79
Q

When was the ryutin affair and what happened?

A

1934: ryutin and his supporters were arrested and Stalin ordered their execution, but politburo only expelled them

80
Q

When was the December decree?

A

1934

81
Q

What was the December decree?

A

Legalised the murder of anti-soviet elements, beginning the purge

82
Q

When was 00447?

A

1937

83
Q

How many killed under Stalin?

A

2.4 million

84
Q

What did ezhov and Stalin agree with 00447?

A

200,000 arrests and 73,000 executions

85
Q

By how much was 00447 exceeded?

A

9x

86
Q

What percentage of the population were non-Russian and what percentage of the victims of the terror were they?

A

18% of the population but 37% of the victims

87
Q

Percentage of red army officers purged by 1938?

A

80%

88
Q

When was the nazi soviet pact?

A

1939

89
Q

When was operation Barbarossa?

A

1941

90
Q

What was operation Barbarossa?

A

Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union

91
Q

How many German tanks were destroyed in the battle of Kursk?

A

40% (2,900) in 3 days

92
Q

Who was Vasily Zaitsev?

A

National hero during the war and the head of the sniper movement, killed 225 officers

93
Q

When was the secret speech?

A

1956, at the 20th party congress

94
Q

Number of churches under Kruschev fell from…

A

20,000 to less than 8,000 between 1960-64

95
Q

Increase in farm output between 1953-8?

A

8.5% increase

96
Q

How much more capital investment was made available per industrial worker than per able bodied collective farmer in 1958?

A

15x

97
Q

First notable failure of the virgin lands?

A

17 million ton grain short fall in Kazakhstan

98
Q

When was the Cold War?

A

1945-64

99
Q

When was the Cuban missile crisis?

A

1962

100
Q

When was the U2 incident?

A

1960

101
Q

When was the Russo-Japanese war?

A

1904-5

102
Q

When was WW1?

A

1914-17

103
Q

The third section was…

A

The secret police under Alex II and Nick I