Essential Words Units 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

abate

A

decrease, reduce

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2
Q

abdicate

A

give up a position, right or power

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3
Q

de facto

A

in fact, whether by right or not; exercising power without being legally established

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4
Q

aberrant

A

deviating from the norm

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5
Q

deviant

A

a person whose behaviors differs from the accepted standards of society

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6
Q

abeyance

A

temporary suppression or suspension

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7
Q

adject

A

miserable, pitiful

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8
Q

abjure

A

to reject; abandon formally

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9
Q

abscission

A

the act of cutting; the natural separation of the leaf or other part of a plant

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10
Q

hypothesized

A

form a hypothesis that is a proposition put forward as a starting point for further investigation

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11
Q

adaptive

A

relating to adaptation, an alteration in structure or habits by which a species improves its condition in relationship to its environment

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12
Q

herbivorous

A

feeding mainly on plants

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13
Q

abscond

A

the depart secretly

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14
Q

abstemious

A

moderate in appetite

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15
Q

abysmal

A

very bad

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16
Q

free market

A

not regulated or slightly regulated

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17
Q

planned economy

A

allocation, production, consumption planned in advance (command)

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18
Q

capitalism

A

controlled by private owners rather than government

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19
Q

accretion

A

growth in size or increase in amount

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20
Q

geophysicist

A

physics of the earth & enrivonment

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21
Q

igneous

A

latin fire - rock from molten state

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22
Q

accrue

A

to accumulate, addition

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23
Q

monopolistic

A

having exclusive control over a commercial activity

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24
Q

adamant

A

uncompromising

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25
Q

adjunct

A

something added, attached or joined

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26
Q

admonish

A

to caution or reprimand

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27
Q

adulterate

A

to corrupt or make impure

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28
Q

aesthetic

A

relating to beauty or art

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29
Q

aesthete

A

someone who cultivates a special sensitivity to beauty

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30
Q

Gothic

A

style of architecture, genre of fiction, gloom, mystery and horror

31
Q

affected

A

pretentious, phony

32
Q

affinity

A

fondness, similarity

33
Q

aggrandize

A

to make larger or greater

34
Q

aggregate

A

total, amounting to a whole

35
Q

alacrity

A

cheerful willingness; eagerness; speed

36
Q

alchemy

A

seemingly magical power or process of transmutation

37
Q

allay

A

to lessen; ease; soothe

38
Q

alleviate

A

to relieve; improve partially

39
Q

alloy

A

combination, mixture of two or more metals

40
Q

allure

A

the power to entice by charm

41
Q

lobby

A

group sharing goals to bring about the passage etc of laws that affect these goals

42
Q

clockwork universe

A

once created, the universe continues to run according to laws of nature with no further intervention

43
Q

amalgamate

A

combine into a unified whole

44
Q

ambiguous

A

unclear; doubtful in meaning

45
Q

ambivalence

A

the state of having conflicting emotional attitudes

46
Q

ambrosia

A

something delicious; food of the gods

47
Q

ameliorate

A

to improve

48
Q

amenable

A

agreeable; cooperative; suited

49
Q

amenity

A

something that increases comfort

50
Q

amulet

A

ornament worn as a charm against evil spirits

51
Q

anachronism

A

something out of the proper time

52
Q

analgestic

A

medication that reduces or eliminates pain

53
Q

analogous

A

comparable

54
Q

Social Darwinism

A

advantage over others as the result of genetic or biological superiority

55
Q

Protestant work ethic

A

hard work and a rational view to achieve material success

56
Q

Confusian

A

Chinese system of ethics placing a high value on family relationships

57
Q

anarchy

A

absence of government; state of disorder; anarchic

58
Q

anarchism

A

all forms of government are oppressive and should be abolished

59
Q

anodyne

A

calms; soothes pain

60
Q

anomalous

A

irregular; deviating from norm

61
Q

antecedent

A

something that comes before

62
Q

Reformation

A

16th century movement aimed at reforming abuses in the Roman Catholic Church

63
Q

antediluvian

A

prehistoric

64
Q

antipathy

A

dislike; hostility

65
Q

apathy

A

indifference

66
Q

protagonist

A

the main character

67
Q

welfare state

A

provision of welfare by government

68
Q

apex

A

the highest point

69
Q

classicism

A

an aesthetic tradition that values simplicity, elegance, restraint and order

70
Q

Augustans

A

1700-1789 lit; satire (Pope and Swift)

71
Q

apogee

A

the point in an orbit most distant from the body being orbited; highest point

72
Q

Ottoman Empire

A

14th century; destroyed Byz Empire

73
Q

apothegm

A

a terse, witty saying

74
Q

appease

A

to calm; pacify; placate